their intense colours and because they can be synthesized from relatively inexpensive compounds‚ are used extensively as dyes. azo dyes almost always contain one or more –SO3- Na+ groups to confer water solubility on the dye and assist in binding the dye to the surfaces of polar fibers such as wool‚ cotton or nylon.many dyes are made by coupling reactions of napthyllamines and napthols. Orange II‚ a dye introduced in 1876‚ is made from 2-naphthol. The structure of dye orange II shown as below.
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Research question/Aim Extract copper from copper oxide by reduction using butane gas Hypothesis The butane gas will reduce the copper oxide and leave behind pure copper. This will allow us to find the empirical formula of the copper oxide as well as the masses of oxygen and copper Variables Dependant variable The dependant variable will be the reduction of the copper oxide which will be calculated at different temperatures. Independent variable The independent variable here
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in mind that the land dedicated to farming remained almost constant during this time‚ this increase in the size of farms was due mostly to the influx of the Canadian populous into the city and away from the farm. As of 2006‚ less than three percent of the Canadian population are farmers‚ a far cry from an estimated 80% before the industrial revolution (Statistics Canada‚ 2006). Not only has the number of independently owned farms and farmers‚ decreased but productivity has increased drastically. For
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Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons from Crude Oil by Pseudomonas putida A Project done under the guidance of Dr. K. Bharathi Department of Biotechnology. Submitted to the faculty Of Department of Biotechnology National Institute Of Technology‚ Warangal (A.P) Submitted By Febin P. Nalpady‚ Anzal Rahman‚ Shruti Sharma‚ Sindhuja Nandiraju‚ Giraboina
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Fermentation of a Carbohydrate: Ethanol from Sucrose Abstract The purpose of this lab was to demonstrate the fermentation process of ethanol from the substrate sucrose. To make ethanol from sucrose two enzymes invertase and zymase were used. Vacuum filtration and fractional distillation were performed to get a more concentrated solution. The density of ethanol was .825 g/mL with a percent composition of 85% pure
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“EXTRACTION AND QUANTIFICATION OF BRAIN TUMOR FROM MRI IMAGE” CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 GENERAL: The principle task of our project is to recognize a tumor and its quantifications from a particular MRI scan of a brain image using digital image processing techniques and compute the area of the tumor by fully automated process. In medical imaging‚ segmentation of images plays a vital role in stages which occur before implementing object recognition
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Colegio de San Juan de Letran College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Experiment #3 SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS: CRYSTALLIZATION Gomez‚ Paola Anne M. DOP: 2 July 2013 Student no. : 4120403 DOS: 9 July 2013 Group: Carcinogenic Remarks: _____________________________________________________________________ Engr. C. D. Sanchez Instructor THEORETICAL DISCUSSION Crystallization is a technique which chemists use to purify solid compounds. It is
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Abstract By adding HCl to 2-methyl-2-butanol‚ through the Sn1 mechanism‚ 2-chloro-2-methylbutane is formed. Water‚ sodium bicarbonate and NaCl(aq) were then added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane to remove any of the excess water from the reaction. To confirm‚ a successful reaction‚ AgNO3 was added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane. A white precipitate formation confirmed a successful Sn1 reaction. Introduction Nucleophilic substitution reactions such as Sn1 and Sn2 allow us to convert one functional
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Mrs. Mercer Hon. English 1 13 February 2012 Organic Farming “Pesticide residues have been ranked among the top three environmental cancer risks by the American government” (Cleeton). This startling statistic fuels some of the arguments between organic farming and conventional farming. Although organic products cost more‚ they have many benefits to humans and rural societies. Organic farming is better than conventional farming because of the benefits to the natural environment‚ the methods
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hydrocarbons INTRODUCTION: organic chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen. The element carbon has a special role in chemistry because it bonds with other carbon atoms to give a vast array of molecules. The varity of molecules is so great that we find organic compounds in many common products we use‚ such as gasoline‚ medicines‚ shampoos‚ plastic bottles‚ and perfumes. The food we eat is composed of different organic compounds that supply us with
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