Chirality – Isolation of Limonene from Citrus Fruits Introduction: Terpenes are a large and varied class of hydrocarbons produced by a wide variety of plants. Many essential oils belong to the terpene class. They are made up of two or more five carbon units that are called isoprenes. Limonene is a terpene that can be separated from orange peels almost 100% in the (R)-(+)-limonene form. Other citrus fruits like lemons‚ grapefruits‚ limes‚ and tangerines contain the compound as well. The
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3M Optical Systems: Managing Corporate Entrepreneurship I. Point of View The case was analyzed from the point of view of the manager‚ Mr. Andy Wong. II. Objectives * To offer new sets of products to the market. * To seek for a particular channel that would support the organization in project implementation. * To develop projects in order to increase sales. III. The Problem How should the management develop its products
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Optical Technologies: The Medical All-Rounder Called Light According to the German industry association‚ Spectaris‚ the second largest market for optical technologies in Germany is the medical technology segment. In 2005‚ 2.9 billion Euros of annual turnover was generated in Germany‚ which includes eyeglass lenses‚ microscopes and laser as well as diagnostic scanner for the laboratory. Estimates for the area endoscopes and supplies state that the turnover regarding the international market will
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Alex Janusko Period B 10/4/13 I. Title: Microscope Lab Report II. Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to teach us how to use a microscope‚ how to make a temporary wet mount‚ and how to stain a slide. The purpose of this lab was also to teach us how to use and measure with a microscope. The purpose of this lab was also to teach us how to draw what we see in a microscope’s field of view. III. Procedure: A. How to use a Microscope When going to take out the microscope‚ make sure you
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Introduction 1.1 Scope The aim of this book is to describe how a simple reflecting telescope can be made with the materials and facilities available in India. As the primary goal is to popularize telescope making‚ only the most primitive (but effective) constructions will be considered; the emphasis will be on the practical aspects of telescope making. Some excellent books on this subject are in print (see‚ for example‚ the Bibliography). Yet few people have easy access to these books as they
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Focal length of convex length Aim: to investigate how to measure the focal length of a convex lens‚ by using the lens equation: 1/f=1/u+1/v * Independent variables: * Screen * lens * Dependent variables: * distance between the source of light and the lens “V” which is “X” value * distance between lens and the screen “ Y value” * Controlled variables: * ruler * screen size * source of light * Hypothesis: When the lens is displaced further away from the
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A process for the preparation of racemic phenylethylamine which comprises contacting an optical antipode therefore‚ e.g.‚ L(-) or D(+)-1-phenylethylamine with sodium amide or sodium hydride. Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A process for preparing racemic 1-phenylethylamine which comprises contacting L(-)-1-phenylethylamine or D(+)-1-phenylethylamine with 0.01 to 1 weight percent‚ based on theamount of said phenylethylamine‚ of sodium amide or sodium hydride at a temperature of 70.degree. to 150
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Guided Notes Activity Sheet Type of Microscope Most useful for viewing: Limitations of this microscope are: The microscope works by: Describe the detail that can be seen under this microscope. (You may find it helpful to draw one of the specimens viewed under the microscope.) Dissecting Microscope Organisms or objects at relatively low magnifications. You can only view oranisms that can be seen with the naked eye. It magnifys up to 40 times the size of the specimens serface by passing throught
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Laser Based Communication System. Introduction:- An optical communication system for inter and intra building communications can be built using the following three basic component. A light emitting element. 1. A light emitting element‚ which could be a laser diode or light emitting diode. 2. Transmission media such as optical fiber cable or free space. 3. A light receiving element‚ which could employ avalanche photo-diode‚ PIN photo-diode or any other light sensors like LDR. Since the
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Encoding Information with Light’s Orbital Angular Momentum Light is the future of communication‚ traveling at 3‚000‚000 meters per second‚ the cosmic speed limit of the universe. Its tremendous speed makes it optimal for data transmission. The conventional method to encode information in light is through amplitude modulation‚ i.e. light pulses‚ time division multiplexing‚ i.e. delaying the time light beams enter a channel‚ and wavelength multiplexing‚ i.e. multiple beams of light in one channel
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