allows multiple streams of data to flow in one optical fiber of optical communication network. DWDM is the key technology at the heart of new systems and networks that offers more bandwidth at less cost. Soon‚ DWDM promises to change bandwidth from a premium to a commodity item. DWDM: Networks‚ Devices‚ and Technology provides a comprehensive treatment of DWDM‚ its technology‚ systems‚ and networks‚ as well as engineering design.Over the last decade‚ fiber optic cables have been installed by carriers
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OCCUPATIONAL LENSES What is an Occupational Lens? An Occupational Lens (or Enhanced Reader) is a reading lens that has a Degression zone to incorporate the Intermediate prescription (and sometimes‚ depending on prescription‚ a good DV portion) Why dispense an Occupational Lens‚ instead of a Reading pair of glasses? With more and more people using Computers‚ Laptops and Smartphones‚ we demand more from the Intermediate zone than ever before. So by dispensing a pair of Reading glasses to a
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OPTICAL FIBRE TRANSMISSION A SEMINAR PAPER SUBMITTED TO THE INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF SCIENCE EKITI STATE UNIVERSITY BY AKINLEMIBOLA DAMILOLA JOE MATRIC NO: 050230 IN PARTIAL FUFILLMENT OF THE B.SC HONOURS DEGREE IN PHYSICS ELETRONICS NOV 2011 1 CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this seminar work was carried out by Akinlemibola Damilola Joe‚ Matriculation Number 050230‚ in the Department of Physics Electronics‚ Institute of Science Laboratory
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transmits sunlight directly into building 2. Reflect sunlight with a help of mirrored dish 3. Focus the sunlight to an optical fiber bundle which transmits light along its axis by total internal reflection 4. Optical fibers carry the light to indoor light fixtures. Materials required for construction 1. Four feet wide mirrored dish 2. Collectors to focus sunlight 3. Optical fiber bundle 4. Hybrid light fixtures which has specified diffusing roads to spread out the light Construction and working
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networking is gaining because of speed and ease of deployment and relatively high network robustness. Modern era of optical communication originated with the invention of LASER in 1958 and fabrication of low-loss optical fiber in 1970. When we hear of optical communications we all think of optical fibers‚ what I have for u today is AN OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITHOUT FIBERS or in other words WIRE FREE OPTICS. Free space optics or FSO –Although it only recently and rather suddenly sprang
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emission from biological systems by use of modern single-photon counting systems. Need and Relevance The field of optics is one of the oldest and most important branches of the sciences. Long before the theory of electromagnetism was developed‚ optical phenomena were studied‚ characterized‚ and used as probes of nature. Since the invention of the laser a half-century ago‚ this tool has become the preeminent source for all studies involving light. It too has revolutionized countless areas of high
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or free-space laser (FSL) communication‚ is similar to fiber optic cable in terms of carrier wavelength and bandwidth capability‚ but data are transmitted directly through the atmosphere via laser beams over paths from a few meters to 4 km or longer. FSL uses lasers in the near-infrared spectrum‚ typically at wavelengths of 850 or 1550 nm. Given these wavelengths‚ atmospheric attenuation must be considered‚ and an adequate margin of optical power (dB) must exist to support high system availability
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Fiber Optic Connector Assembly Oven-Cured Epoxy Application and Connector Assembly: 1. Set the curing oven to the temperature recommended by the epoxy manufacturer. 2. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for mixing the epoxy. 3. Secure needle to the syringe and load the syringe with epoxy while ensuring it is free of air pockets. 4. Insert the needle tip into the back of the connector until it bottoms out against the ferrule. Maintain pressure and slowly inject epoxy until a bead appears on the end
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Broadband Transport Specialist Module 01 - History of Fiber 1. What is the name of the type of architecture (or topology) used by SONet or 10 gigabit Ethernet (10gigE) networks? a. bus b. ring c. star d. hybrid e. mesh 2. The greater the density difference between two materials‚ the more a ray of light will ___. (Choose 2) a. attenuation less b. bend c. refract d. deflect e. absorb 3. What does LASER stand for? a. Light Amplification
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Connectors- With respect to cabling‚ a device attached to the end of a cable‚ receiver‚ or light source that joins it with another cable‚ device or fiber. A connector is a mechanical device used to align and join two conductors or fibers together to provide a means for attaching and decoupling it to a transmitter‚ receiver‚ or another fiber. Commonly used connectors include the RJ-11‚ RJ-45‚ BNC‚ FC‚ ST‚ LC‚ MT-RJ‚ FDDI‚ Biconic‚ and SMA connectors. Conduit- A rigid or flexible metallic or nonmetallic
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