CHAPTER 22 The Costs of Production Topic Question numbers ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Costs: explicit and implicit 1-9 2. Profits 10-23 3. Short run versus long run 24-31 4. Law of diminishing returns 32-55 5. Short-run costs 56-157 6. Long-run costs 158-193 Last Word 194-196 True-False 197-210 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Analysis of Costs Costs affect input choices‚ investment decisions‚ and even the decision of whether to stay in business. A. Economics analysis of costs 1. Total cost: fixed and variable (1) Total cost represents the lowest total dollar expense needed to produce each level of output q. TC rises as q rises. (2) Fixed cost represents the total dollar expense that is paid out even when no output is produced. FC is unaffected by any variation in the quantity of output. (3) Variable cost represents
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St a t em en t An a lysis a n d Cost Redu ct ion P r ogr a m AT TATA MOTORS LIMITED‚ PUNE Submitted To Pune University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of Master of Business Administration Submitted By Mr. Chetan G. Aher M.B.A Under the Guidance of Prof. Mr. Mahesh Halale THROUGH THE DIRECTOR OF Visahwakarma Institute of Management 2005 - 2007 www.final-yearproject.com | www.finalyearthesis.com The Financial Statement Analysis and Cost Reduction Program. Acknowledgement
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DECISION TREES DECISION Decision trees may be described as the graphic display of the decision-making process. Let us take for example a situation where one must decide whether to go to a movie house or to stay at home and watch TV or a video tape. State of nature node Branches Good movie Decision node Movies Bad Movie Good program TV New program or cassette Poor program Rerun
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Assignment: Cost Accounting Applied By Professor Bryan Womack Course Title ACC 350012VA016-1122-001 Cost Accounting February 26‚ 2012 Companies that are successful financially know what their costs are and how those costs are being spent. The company I have chosen wants to change from a general accounting system where costs are put in general categories and they currently do not have any allocation
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Opportunity is the key to success First of all I feel very happy that we both sides have grasped the opportunity to realize our same goal. That is to win! That is to succeed! We believe opportunity is the key to success. Let me give a definition to words “opportunity” and “key” here. Opportunity here only refers to one that we disover‚ seize and take advantage of. Key is a way to solve a problem. Every lock has a key. Success is a lock that requires several keys to work together. Only
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would maximize their joint profits. This situation (illustrated in Appendix‚ 1.1)‚ shows the demand curve‚ given by DD‚ as the individual firm ’s share of the market demand under circumstances where the two firms are identical with respect to size and costs of production. To understand this behaviour of the collusive duopolies‚ a mathematical tool called ‘Game Theory’ is used. The classic example for the duopoly analysis here is the ‘Prisoner ’s-dilemma game’ (shown in Appendix‚ 1.2). Within this game
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Answers to Warm-Up Exercises E9-1. Answer: Weighted average cost of capital N 10‚ PV $20‚000 (1 0.02) $19‚600‚ PMT Solve for I 8.30% 0.08 $20‚000 $1‚600‚ FV $20‚000 E9-2. Cost of preferred stock Answer: The cost of preferred stock is the ratio of the preferred stock dividend to the firm’s net proceeds from the sale of the preferred stock. rp Dp Np rp (0.15 $35) ($35 $3) rp $5.25 $32 16.4% E9-3. Cost of common stock equity Answer: The cost of common stock equity can be found by dividing the dividend
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The theory of decision traps outlines the problems managers can face when trying to make a decision for the business. In order to be able to analyse the theory of decision‚ they must first be defined‚ to do this effectively this essay will look at the work of Russo and Schoemaker and other theorist who have researched the traps. This essay will then go on to give real life examples of a decision traps to exemplify them effectively. Making decisions are an everyday occurrence‚ especially in the
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Unequal Opportunities In today’s day and age‚ bigotry should not be an issue but unfortunately it is‚ especially when it comes to education. When you sit in a class room‚ do you ever wonder if all the students of different races including yourself had the same equal educational opportunities? When you’re in elementary school‚ you do not realize the different opportunities every student has‚ is based off the color of their skin. As you get older‚ you start seeing the different opportunities every
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