Questions : a. Describe the characteristics of philosophical reasoning! b. How is the use of reasoning into the framework of my thesis research plan? Answer : a. Characteristics of Philosophical Reasoning Before directly answering the questions above‚ I ’ll describe a little understanding of philosophical reasoning itself. According JujunSuriasumantri‚ Reasoning is a thinking process in drawing a conclusion in the form of knowledge. So reasoning is the thinking process started from empirical
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From session 1 Important terms Ontology * It defines how the organization defines the world‚ their market‚ their costumers and themselves. * It defines how resources are spent * It defines the range of good and services a company can produce * It is linked very directly to their epistemology Epistemology * Is concerned with the following questions: What are the necessary and sufficient conditions of knowledge? What are its sources? What is its structure‚ and what
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research process itself is influenced. Concepts of Epistemology and Ontology The first two terms often associated with educational research‚ epistemology and ontology‚ frighten even the most educated of us. Before a discussion begins on epistemology and ontology and their effects on one’s choice of research paradigms‚ methods‚ and techniques‚ a definition of both is best presented to help us ease into the matter. The term ‘epistemology’‚ according to Johnson and Duberley (2000)‚ remains to
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and feelings about the world and how it should be understood and studied." (Guba‚ 1990). Denzin and Lincoln (2001) listed three categories of those beliefs: Ontology: what kind of being is the human being. Ontology deals with the question of what is real. Epistemology: what is the relationship between the inquirer and the known: "epistemology is the branch of philosophy that studies the nature of knowledge and the process by which knowledge is acquired and validated" (Gall‚ Borg‚ & Gall‚ 1996) Methodology:
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concepts by means of rational argument concerning their presuppositions‚ implications‚ and interrelationships; in particular‚ the rational investigation of the nature and structure of reality (metaphysics)‚ the resources and limits of knowledge (epistemology)‚ the principles and import of moral judgment (ethics)‚ and the relationship between language and reality (semantics) 2. (Philosophy) the particular doctrines relating to these issues of some specific individual or school the philosophy of Descartes
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shifts and to understand the complexity of organizations‚ to be able to respond effectively. Understanding how the three multiple theoretical perspectives: modernism‚ symbolic- interpretive‚ and post modernism apply with the assumptions ontology and epistemology as indicators used to analyze‚ make changes‚ and decisions‚ for daily activities of an organization. Hatch (with Cunliffe) (2006)‚ contends that an organization is a formal structure with an internal order‚ a set of natural laws governing
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place to begin is with the philosophical choices of ontology and epistemology. Ontology is concerned with how you choose to define what is real whereas epistemology is concerned with how you form knowledge and establish criteria for evaluating it. (Hatch & Cunliffe 2006) Modernism Modernist ontology is objectivism where it belief in objective‚ external reality whose existence is independent of our knowledge of it whereas for epistemology‚ it is positivism where truth is discovered through
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BS Architecture Olanio‚ Marc Q. BS Architecture Branches of Philosophy Main branches of philosophy Traditionally‚ there are five main branches of philosophy. They are: Metaphysics‚ which deals with the fundamental questions of reality. Epistemology‚ which deals with our concept of knowledge‚ how we learn and what we can know. Logic‚ which studies the rules of valid reasoning and argumentation Ethics‚ or moral philosophy‚ which is concerned with human values and how individuals should act
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and each theory has a different understanding of power‚ control and resistance.` In this essay‚ I will be looking at two different theoretical perspectives‚ modern and post-modern and discuss how each perspective’s differs based on their ontology and epistemology. Next‚ I will analyse and look into their understanding of power‚ control and resistance in organisations and lastly‚ I will end this essay with a conclusion on their overall views in organisations. Power‚ Control & Resistance Before
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purpose of this essay is to analysis the two theoretical perspectives of Modern and Post-modern which have different ways of understanding power‚ control and resistance in organisations. We shall go through by the philosophical choices of ontology and epistemology‚ then examine the assumptions underlying of these two perspectives‚ and to compare from different perspectives and of distinctive contributions to the power‚ conflict and resistance which are key determinants of organisational life. Ranson
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