Circular Flow Diagrams Introduction Money flows into and out of the economy. The circular flow diagram explains how money moves through the economic system involving households‚ businesses‚ the government‚ and foreign agents (Editorial Board‚ 2011). Circular flow diagrams are visual models that show firms who employ workers‚ the workers then spend on goods produced by firms‚ and the money is then used to compensate the worker and buy raw materials to make the goods and the circle continues.
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The main crops of Pakistan are classified into food crops and non-food crops. The food crops include wheat‚ rice‚ maize‚ coarse grains‚ grams and other pulses. The cash crops are cotton‚ sugarcane‚ tobacco‚ mustard and sesame. The total area‚ yield and production of each crop is now discussed under separate heads. (A) FOODS CROPS (1) Wheat: Wheat is the principal food crop of the people. It occupies an important position i farming policies. The share of wheat is 3% to GDP. The area under wheat
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1. Introduction Increasingly‚ we are seeing many firms from various industries allowing their customers to pay on credit. This action will inevitably have a direct implication on the financial statements of these firms‚ in terms of accounts receivables‚ allowance for bad debt and uncollectible debt expense. This is especially so when customers are unable to repay their debts. In this paper‚ we will examine the 2008 financial statement of four companies in the retail industry‚ namely
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Cash Transfers to end poverty – Over-ambitious economic policy or a welcome change to eliminate corruption in the Public Distribution System? A study of the benefits of the Cash Transfer scheme to India’s poorest and its economic viability Shrinidhi Rao 210063 Word Count – 3501 [including footnotes] Introduction – From January 1st‚ 2013‚ hundreds of thousands of India’s poor across 20 districts will benefit from the logical end of signing on to
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Assign 2-3 Cash Larceny Scheme Case Joshua Boger BSFR 341-E1WW Professor Sherry Kamradt June 1‚ 2012 The case study involving the bank teller gets nabbed for theft is one that I can see happening quite often especially in a small bank or community bank that does not do the proper back ground checks need. In this case we are looking at cash larceny –vs. - skimming. Cash larceny is the intentional taking away of employer’s cash (currency/checks) without the consent‚ and against the will‚
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Company History 6 Vision 8 Mission Statement 9 Business Concept 11 METRO Cash & Carry Pakistan 12 Organizational Structure 14 Industry & Competitors’ Analysis 15 Industry Analysis 15 Competitors’ Analysis 17 Makro-Habib Pakistan Limited 17 Hyperstar Pakistan 18 Literature Review 20 Research Question 26 Research Methodology 29 Analysis & Findings 32 Survey Questionnaires’ Analysis 32 Findings 58 Experience Survey 58 Survey Questionnaires 64 Conclusion
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Chapter 9 – Auditing the Expenditure Cycle Summary Purchases and Cash Disbursement Procedures Using Batch Processing Technology Many batch system functions are the same as those in a manual purchase system. The main difference is that the routine accounting tasks are automated. Data Processing Department: Step 1 – the purchasing process begins in the data processing department‚ where the inventory control function is performed. The revenue cycle (in retailing firms) or the conversion cycle
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Efficient Cash Management Upon preparation of cash budgets after forecasting the receipts and payments‚ the management will have knowledge about the cash position of the firm. After knowing the cash position‚ the management should work out the basic strategies to be employed to manage its cash. The strategies of cash management are essentially related to the cash turnover process‚ that is‚ the cash cycle together with the cash turnover. The cash cycle is the amount of time cash is tied up between
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How to : Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) Data flow diagram (DFD) is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system Order CUSTOMER Status Message Status Data 2.0 Shipping Confirmation In-Stock Request WAREHOUSE 1.0 Shipping Order Check Status Order Data D1 Pending Orders 3.0 Issue Status Messages Order Data Payment Invoice Manage Accounts Receivable 5.0 Accounting Data Accounts Receivable Data
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INVENTORY AND CASH MANAGEMENT SESSION 5 T Cash Can Be Managed as Inventory • Cash managed like inventory in manufacturing o Doesn’t mean physical cash; instead can be ‘quick’ financial instruments:短期国库券 checking accounts t-bills‚ o Demand for cash by organizations‚ individuals varies • Main concepts are: o Need to estimate ‘transactions demand’ o Models for changes in cash balances o Continuous cash management approach • Supply chain of physical cash o Think of advantages
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