NUCLEAR REACTORS A nuclear reactor is a device to initiate and control a sustained nuclear chain reaction. Nuclear reactors are used at nuclear power plants for electricity generation and in propulsion of ships. Heat from nuclear fission is passed to a working fluid (water or gas)‚ which runs through turbines. These either drive a ship’s propellers or turn electrical generators. Nuclear generated steam in principle can be used for industrial process heat or for district heating. Some reactors are
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Nuclear Power The Future OF Energy Nuclear power‚ a phrase that isn ’t too far from its controversial disputes. nuclear powers debate began around the 1970s to late 1980s when American nuclear power plant in Harrisburg‚ Pennsylvania had a cooling malfunction that caused a part of one of its reactors partially melt inside the reactor core. Media outlets jumped onto this incident‚ and dramatizing the events that transpired; not intending to downplay the significance
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have and will receive radiation therapy‚ which has proven to be one of the most effective ways to fight the deadly disease (“Statistics." : About Radiation Therapy”). Ever since radiation was discovered in 1896‚ researchers have sought to use it for the benefit of the people‚ and radiation therapy is only one example. Nuclear engineering is a wide field that covers important subjects of study from the disposal of nuclear fuel and waste to the maintenance of systems such as nuclear reactors‚ plants‚ and
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Americans were flooded with messages about the dangers of atomic weapons and attack from foreign powers through pamphlets‚ household objects‚ media and film. (http://atyourlibrary.org). Living under the threat of nuclear war would have been a stressful event in my life. Nuclear war can happen at any given point without warning. It’s like I should be ready and prepared to die if necessary from an attack. I would constantly be looking over my shoulders and worrying myself beyond measures trying
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Nuclear engineering is the practical application of the breakdown of atomic nuclei and/or other sub-atomic physics‚ based on the principles of nuclear physics. It includes‚ but is not limited to‚ the interaction and maintenance of nuclear fission systems and components specifically‚ nuclear reactors‚ nuclear power plants‚ and/or nuclear weapons. The field may also include the study of nuclear fusion‚ medical and other applications of (generally ionizing) radiation‚ nuclear safety‚ heat/thermodynamics
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Nuclear Medicine Nuclear medicine has been around for more than 50 years now and stems from the discovery of x-rays and artificial radioactivity. In 1946‚ nuclear medicine made a monumental breakthrough when radioactive iodine led to the complete disappearance of cancer in a patient’s thyroid. Nuclear medicine became widely used in the 1950’s to measure the function of the thyroid‚ to diagnose thyroid disease‚ and for the treatment of patients with hyperthyroidism. By the 1970’s nuclear medicine
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cellular structure. Ionizing radiation causes atoms and molecules to become ionized or excited. These excitations and ionizations can: * Produce free radicals. * Break chemical bonds. * Produce new chemical bonds and cross-linkage between macromolecules. * Damage molecules that regulate vital cell processes (e.g. DNA‚ RNA‚ proteins). The cell can repair certain levels of cell damage. At low doses‚ such as that received every day from background radiation‚ cellular damage is rapidly
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A patient may receive radiation therapy before‚ during‚ or after surgery. Some patients may receive radiation therapy alone‚ without surgery or other treatments. Some patients may receive radiation therapy and chemotherapy at the same time. The timing of radiation therapy depends on the type of cancer being treated and the goal of treatment (cure or palliation). Radiation therapy given before surgery is called pre-operative or neoadjuvant radiation. Neoadjuvant radiation may be given to shrink a
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Nuclear power‚ or nuclear energy‚ is the use of exothermic nuclear processes carried out in controlled manner‚ to generate useful heat and electricity. Nuclear power works by using the energy from nuclear fission or fusion to generate heat. At the moment‚ nuclear fusion is still a subject of intense research and not used in production which is a pity. Nuclear fission is basically what is happening in a reactor. Radioactive elements have unstable nuclei and they are constantly going through random
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The radiation protection to be practiced → cell phone radiation During normal use‚ over half of the radiation transmitted by your mobile phone is absorbed by your head or body. Around 80% of the phone’s microwave emissions are absorbed by the head. Only shielding or distance to the phone can reduce their severe impact. The United Nations World Health Organization has classified mobile phone radiation as possibly cancer causing and advise that it is important for mobile phone users to minimize
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