Prentice on July 29‚ 2012 Shadow Economies on the Rise Around the World Published in Businessweek.com What is the Underground Economy? First theory. "Underground economy" is a term that refers to those individuals and businesses that deal in cash and/or use other schemes to conceal their activities and their true tax liability from government licensing‚ regulatory‚ and taxing agencies. Underground economy is also referred to as tax evasion‚ tax fraud
Free Tax Economics Crime
IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT POLICY ON ECONOMY A. INTRODUCTION Generally‚ policies and strategies of Nigerian government towards development are shaped by two principal objectives of desire for economic independence and the demand for economic development. Multi national corporations are expected to bring into Nigeria‚ foreign capital in the form of technical skills‚ entrepreneurship‚ technology and investment fund to boost economic activities thereby‚ rising the standard of living of Nigerian. This can
Premium Government Policy Inflation
the Growth and Development of the Nigerian Economy from 1960-2010 By 1 1 Aminu Umaru and 2Anono Abdulrahman Zubairu Department of Economics & 2Department of Management Technology School of Management and Information Technology Modibbo Adama University of Technology‚ Yola‚ Adamawa State‚ Nigeria. Abstract This paper investigates the contribution of agricultural sector and petroleum sector to the economic growth and development (GDP) of the Nigerian economy between 1960 and 2010 through the application
Premium Economics Agriculture Economy
TITLE PAGE THE ROLE OF MIDDLEMEN IN NIGERIAN ECONOMY (A CASE STUDY OF ANAMBRA NEW MARKET) BY OSAKWE ONYINYE THERESA FPN/S01/2009/2010/NDMKT/1091 TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING SCHOOL OF BUSINESS STUDIES FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC NASARAWA NASARAWA STATE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF NATIONAL DIPLOMA (ND) IN MARKETING NOVEMBER 2010 APPROVAL PAGE I hereby submit this project for approval having met the requirement for the award of National Diploma (ND) in marketing
Premium Nigeria Marketing Distribution
The underground economy consists of concealed legal economic activities undertaken to evade taxes or illegal economic activities (i.e.‚ trafficking‚ drugs‚ and prostitution) with unreported barter and cash transactions that take place outside recorded market channels. These types of barter and cash transactions are hard for government authorities to trace and are the lifeblood of the underground economy. These underground activities are often very productive and are not included in the gross domestic
Free Economics Economy Crime
INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND In every economy‚ there exist vast variety of activities some which undergo official recording and some other activities take place outside the officials. The later is the underground economy that refers to the economic activities that generate income but are hidden from official authorities in order to evade various taxes and remain unrecorded in official statistics (Yasmin and Rauf‚ 2004). The most common causes of underground economy are heavy tax burdens where economic
Premium Tax Value added tax Taxation
people are evading the International Revenue Service‚ employers and workers alike. Americans are reverting to the underground economy‚ where tax-evaders‚ illegal workers‚ prostitution‚ and drug rings are abundant. This type of hidden income made by these activities go unreported in the national income‚ and has become accepted as the status-quo all over the world. The Underground economy is difficult to control‚ but can be managed with well thought out tax plans‚ and more severe punishment. In the
Premium United States dollar Tax United States
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS An Economic Analysis on The Underground Economy A CONCEPTUAL APPROACH BISOCEANU MARIA-CRISTINA NEGREA BIANCA-DENISA Summary: I. Introduction II. Conceptual clarifications and a theoretical approach II.1 The labor market. The minimum wage. II.2 Unemployment. The opportunity cost of labor. III. The Underground Economy III.1 The illegal economy III.2 The informal economy III.3 The underground production IV. Conclusions I. Introduction Everything
Free Unemployment Economics
What is largely fueling the underground economy‚ experts say‚ is the nation’s swelling ranks of low-wage illegal immigrants. The government puts this population at 8.5 million‚ but that may represent a serious undercount. Robert Justich‚ a senior managing director at Bear Stearns Asset Management in New York‚ makes a persuasive case in a forthcoming paper‚ "The Underground Labor Force Is Rising to the Surface‚" that illegal immigrants actually number 18 million to 20 million. If true‚ the economic
Premium Immigration to the United States Immigration United States
Underground economy The underground economy or black market is a market where all commerce is conducted without regard to taxation‚ law or regulations of trade. The term is also often known as the underdog‚ shadow economy‚ black economy‚ parallel economy or phantom trades. In modern societies the underground economy covers a vast array of activities. It is generally smallest in countries where economic freedom is greatest‚ and becomes progressively larger in those areas where corruption‚ regulation
Premium Management Economics Supply and demand