huge impact on the economy as well as corporate. It has become a social issue. After looking briefly through its merits and demerits‚ forms and causes‚ we will see the consequences of corruption in the economy as a whole and businesses as well. It is very difficult to get an estimate of it as none of it appears officially on any documents or records. Relating it to black money‚ we try to find a link between corruption and black money and how this link could affect the economy and what may be the
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International Underground Economy Market Ronnie Williams University of the District of Columbia Professor Etta Essay Project Americas Underground Economy Market In international counties‚ the unemployment rate has given society no sense of hope but there has been an alternative source to boost their spirits. The underground market has been a resource for individuals to gain a taste of some tangible dividends. Also the underground market has helped the economy growth significantly given the
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ECONOMY OF NIGERIA Nigeria is a middle income‚ mixed economy and emerging market‚ with expanding financial‚ service‚ communications‚ and entertainment sectors. It is ranked 30th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) as of 2011‚ and its emergent‚ though currently underperforming manufacturing sector is the third-largest on the continent‚ producing a large proportion of goods and services for the West African region. Previously hindered by years of mismanagement‚ economic reforms of the past decade
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literature on the underground economy has avoided a common usage and has instead offered a plethora of appellations including: subterranean; hidden; grey; shadow; informal; clandestine; illegal; unobserved; unreported; unrecorded; second; parallel and black.[1] This profusion of vague labels attests to the confusion of a literature attempting to explore a largely un-chartered area of economic activity. There is no single underground economy‚ there are many. These underground economies are omnipresent
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International Underground Economy Market Ronnie Williams University of the District of Columbia Professor Etta Essay Project Americas Underground Economy Market In international counties‚ the unemployment rate has given society no sense of hope but there has been an alternative source to boost their spirits. The underground market has been a resource for individuals to gain a taste of some tangible dividends. Also the underground market has helped the economy growth significantly given the
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As Robert Neuwirth‚ who is a former business reporter‚ defines the informal sector or informal economy is that part of an economy that is not taxed‚ monitored by any form of government‚ or included in any gross national product (GNP)‚ unlike the formal economy. Other terms used to refer to the informal sector can include the black market‚ the shadow economy‚ and the underground economy and how he refers it mostly is System D. The original use of the term ‘informal sector’ is attributed to the economic
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The black market‚ or the underground market‚ according to the definition of Johnson‚ is “a market in which certain goods or services are routinely traded in a manner contrary to the laws or regulations of the government in power” (paragraph 1). In layman’s terms‚ illegal products are usually sold or traded throughout this market. The beginning of the black market dates back all the way to the early 1920’s during the alcohol prohibition era. Since alcohol was banned from being sold and consumed‚ and
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A cashless economy is simply at its prime when all means of payments are carried out without the use of physical cash. Payments will range from a list of options such as cheques‚ wire transfers‚ debit and credit cards‚ online transactions‚ and mobile banking. The advantages of a cashless society are enormous; from regulating‚ controlling‚ and securing the financial system of any economy. The Central Bank of Nigeria‚ led by its Governor Sanusi Lamido Sanusi‚ has put forward a policy requiring that
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TOPIC: CHALLENGES AFFECTING NIGERIA AND THEIR SOLUTION. CHALLENGES AFFECTING NIGERIA AND THEIR SOLUTION. Nigeria is a country of diverse people‚ cultures‚ religion and political groups. The country achieved independence from the British colonialist in 1960. The country marked 54 years post-independence on October 1st 2013. The journey so far has not been an entire smooth one since independence. The country has had to face several challenges and problem. It is becoming
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REVENUE ALLOCATION FORMULA IN NIGERIA INTRODUCTION Prior to the discovery of oil in Nigeria‚ other sectors of the economy thrived. Agriculture‚ for instance‚ was a major source of revenue for the Western Region. The Eastern Region that was less endowed devised other sources of revenue. All this has however changed since the discovery of oil in the country. This has led to the demise of the other productive sectors of the economy. In fact‚ Nigerians are poorer today than they were in the pre-oil boom
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