TWENTY-FIVE BRAIN-FRIENDLY STRATEGIES 1. Music alters brain chemistry. It can be used to energize‚ calm‚ or increase effective functioning on tasks. It can be used as a call back‚ as a timer‚ a transition‚ or to constructively increase suspense or tension. 2. Start class sessions with a greeting‚ an overview‚ or some other class ritual. 3. Begin each class session with meaningful information and activities rather than taking attendance‚ making announcements‚ or doing other “housekeeping” chores
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disease. While it is not entirely understood why these brain changes occur‚ scientists have been searching for underlying factors that may lead to Alzheimer’s disease. Such precursors include an increase in Amyloid β peptides‚ a decrease in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine‚ and the demyelization of the myelin sheath. Throughout the process of aging the concentrations of acetylcholine decrease resulting in irregular lapses of short-term memory. Once acetylcholine is released into the synapse
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There are COX enzyme isoforms include COX-1 and COX-2. (Figure 3.8) These enzymes originate from different genes and have distinct tissue-specific expressions and biologic functions. COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues and believed to responsible for the production of prostanoids in homeostasis‚ such as gastric epithelial cytoprotection and renal blood flow maintenance. COX-2 expression is inducibly expressed only at marginal levels under condition in many tissues and is upregulated
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When a patient has lost nearly 80% of their dopamine cells‚ these symptoms being to appear. It is currently unknown why dopamine-producing cells deteriorate‚ but many theories lead to genetic‚ environmental‚ and age-related factors. Genetics factors cause of Parkinson’s disease through a mutation in the genes responsible for dopamine and other vital proteins. Environmental factors are thought to be associated with Parkinson’s in that exposure to certain toxins such as pesticides can play a significant
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A. Effects on catecholamine release and reduction of cerebral metabolic rate Cerebral hypoxic injury is known to be associated with a massive catecholamine increase in central and peripheral norepinephrine concentrations are commonly seen with cerebral hypoxic injury. Catecholamines may impoverish outcome from cerebral ischemia‚ possibly by stimulating central _2-receptors (Figure 2.20). Neuronal damages are results of icreased norepinephrine due to the elevation of metabolic demand and alteration
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The depolarisation and repolarisation that takes place within a cell from that occurs gives rise to voltage of waveforms. With the human body each cell at this present time is generating electrical impulses like a voltage generator‚ which is a basic source of all the bioelectric potentials. With these bioelectric potentials they produce ionic voltages produced by the coordination of electrochemical activity within numerous cells. When the cells are in line the charges tend to migrate through the
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t is important to mention the Neuron as carrier impulses from the CNS to the periphery‚ the peripheral nerves in turn have the funsion to carry messages from one part of the organism to another‚ so we can understand the action of these drugs. They act in the prevention‚ generation and propagation of the nervous impulse. Acting on the blocking of the depolarization initiation‚ allowing Na + to enter the nerve cell from rest to the trigger threshold (- 50a - 60 mV) would consequently impede the initiation
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Inhibitory activities of rubrofusarin and its derivatives against AChE‚ BChE and BACE1 In order to evaluate the anti-AD potential of the isolated rubrofusarin and its four derivatives‚ we evaluated their abilities to inhibit AChE‚ BChE and BACE1. Results are summarized in Table 1. Of the derivatives‚ 3 showed most potent activity against AChE with an IC50 of 15.94 ± 0.32 µM whereas 2 had least inhibitory activity (148.08 ± 2.09 µM). 4 and 5 exhibited moderate inhibition with IC50 value of 86.05 ±
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Reflexes Sam Viraj Effector Knee Jerk Leg Moved Leg Moved Motor Reinforcement of the Knee-Jerk Leg Moved more intensely Leg Moved more intensely Ankle-Jerk Reflex Foot Twitched Foot Twitched Biceps Jerk Did not detect Did not detect Triceps Jerk Did not detect Did not detect Pupillary Pupils did not change Pupils did not change Babinski Toe flexed Toe flexed Uvular Gagged Gagged Reaction Time 30cm/5cm/10cm 30cm/20cm/15cm Purpose: The purpose of
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Smiling‚ Neurotransmitters and Endorphins What do smiling‚ neurotransmitters and endorphins have in common? To answer that‚ we envision how we think about ourselves directly and how this reinforces the way we feel physically. Mental thought is the first step towards expressing behaviors. The cells of our bodies respond to the chemical processes that control the way neurotransmitters support brain activity (see: http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd10.html) geared toward the feeling-good
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