non-contractile 2 types of afferent endings send sensory input from the central region to the CNS (stimulated by stretch) The ends contain actin and myosin filaments that are contractile regions The ends are innervated by gamma (γ) fibers that arise from motor neurons in the ventral horn of spinal cord
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NERVOURS SYSTEM: NEURONS: * STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: Specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell. Neurons have specialized projections called dendrites and axons. Dendrites bring information to the cell body and axons take information away from the cell body. Neurons communicate with each other through an electrochemical process. Information is transmitted to the receiving cell at junctions via chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. At this juncture‚ the neuron transmitting the
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Week 2 Reading Summary : Chap 1-3 Chapter 1 Anatomy: studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another. Can be seen‚ felt‚ examined. Physiology: concerns the function of the body in other words‚ how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities Complementary of structure and function Function reflect structure‚ what a structure can do depends on is specific form Levels of structural organization: Cells – smallest living unit
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ALS is the most common of five motor neuron diseases: botulism‚ tetanus‚ poliomyelitis‚ and spinal muscular atrophy. Motor Neurons run from the brain to the brain stem‚ connect to the spinal cord‚ and from the spinal cord they reach out to the corresponding muscles (5).  A Motor Neuron is a nerve cell directly and indirectly responsible for the relaxation and contraction of muscles. ALS is the decay of motor neurons‚ not sensory neurons. Motor neurons can be branched into three different
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without a brain‚ those functions are not possible. The brain is the center of the entire body. It controls what we do and how we do it. The brain is the center of the central nervous system along with the spleen. It consists of 100 billion neurons (nerve cells) which are located all over your body. When you touch something hot‚ a neurotransmitter sends the signal to your brain to tell you to move your hand. The most common neurotransmitters in the body are endorphins‚ epinephrine‚ norepinephrine
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1. Approximately how many neurons are there in the brain? about 100 billion 2. What is a neuron? It is a nerve cell that sends and receives electrical signals over long distances within the body 2b. be able to label its parts. Parts of a neuron. A neuron has three basic parts‚ the cell body‚ the axon‚ and the dendrites. A thin nerve membrane surrounds the entire cell 3. How fast do neurons travel? Neurons don’t travel‚ the impulses
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transmission. The synapse is the small gap separating two neurons‚ the presynaptic neuron (neuron that carries the impulse to the synapse‚) and postsynaptic neuron (neuron that carries the impulse away from the synapse.) It separates the axon terminals of the presynaptic neuron from the postsynaptic neuron. The synapse is made of three major parts: a presynaptic neuron‚ a postsynaptic neuron‚ and a synaptic cleft. The presynaptic neuron contains the neurotransmitters‚ mitochondria‚ endoplasmic reticulum
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other cells. Made of separate cells Neurons: cells that are specialized to quickly respond to signals and to quickly send signals of their own • have outer membrane • cell body -> contains nucleus • mitochondria -> turn oxygen and glucose into energy Glial cells: help neurons communicate by directing their growth‚ stable chemical environment providing energy‚ help restore damage + hold neurons together. • Synthesize similar proteins as bacteria Neuron communicate efficiently because -> •
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Chapter 12: Neural Tissue - An Introduction to the Nervous System Learning Outcomes 12-1 Describe the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system. 12-2 Sketch and label the structure of a typical neuron‚ describe the functions of each component‚ and classify neurons on the basis of their structure and function. 12-3 Describe the locations and functions of the various types of neuroglia. 12-4 Explain how the resting potential is created and maintained. 12-5 Describe the events
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nervous system is one of the foundations of neurotechnology. However‚ the use of electrical currents to stimulate the nervous system presents several challenges. It is difficult to achieve selective stimulation of only the targeted neurons without activating neighboring neurons. Further‚ electrochemical reactions at the electrode-tissue interface may lead to electrode dissolution or tissue damage. As an alternative‚ magnetic stimulation can be used to stimulate non-invasively. However‚ the power requirements
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