LABORATORY REPORT Activity 2: Twitch Contractions and Summation PREDICTIONS Effect of Muscle Fiber Length on Contraction 1. As muscle fiber length increases: contraction force increases‚ becoming maximum at an optimal length‚ then decreasing at longer lengths. Effect of Stimulation Frequency on Contraction 2. As the frequency of stimulation increases‚ the force of contraction: increases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Measurement of Threshold Stimulus 1. Dependent Variable: contraction force
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Objectives | Nursing Interventions | Rationale | Expected Outcome | S > θO > Patient manifest:- weak and pale appearance - difficulty in standing and sitting - slowed movement - limited range of motion | Impaired Physical Mobilityr/t neuromuscular impairment aeb slowed movement | Limitation in independent‚ purposeful physical movement of the body or of one more extremities.Due to the patient’s general status because of his brain damage secondary to CVA‚ patient develops weakness due to
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Contraction A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. Motor neurons direct muscles when and when not to contract. A motor neuron and a muscle cell intersect at what is called the neuromuscular junction. Specifically‚ the neuromuscular junction is where the axon terminal of the neuron meets a specialized region of the muscle cell’s plasma membrane. This specialized region is called the motor end-plate. An action potential (depolarization) in a motor neuron triggers
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and symptoms are indicative of multiple sclerosis or another neurological disease. 5. More eyestrain‚ double vision/blurry vision‚ stinging eyes and droopy eyelids. 6. A decline in muscle function can arise from miscommunication at the neuromuscular junction resulting in dysfunction due to neurons not firings to produce contraction of the eye muscles and cilliary muscle. 7. Annie had the conduction test done and the electrodes that simulated the muscle had no problem with nerve fatigue and
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Q1 Muscle contraction can be understood as the consequence of a process of transmission of action potentials from one neuron to another. A chemical called acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released from the presynaptic neuron. As the postsynaptic cells on the muscle cell membrane receive the acetylcholine‚ the channels for the cations sodium and potassium are opened. These cations produce a net depolarization of the cell membrane and this electrical signal travels along the muscle fibers. Through
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skeletal muscle contraction? Your answer: Ach is the chemical signal used to send to the muslce to cause contraction. 3. Describe the process of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle fibers. Your answer: Ach is released at the neuromuscular jxn‚ Ach attaches to the receptors on the postsynaptic membrane‚ which opens the ion channels that allows for depolarization that leads to an AP that contracts muscles. 4. Describe the three phases of a skeletal muscle twitch. Your answer:
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Muscle contractions are the way that humans are able to move within the enviornment that surrounds them. To be able to understand the complexity of movement‚ there needs to be an understanding of the gross and micro-anatomy muscle contraction‚ and an understanding of the physiology of muscle contraction. This paper will provide an explaination of both the anatomy and physiology of muscle contraction. Anatomy of Muscle Contraction There are three types of muslces within the human body: skeletal
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Bipolar junction Transistors 1. Introduction The Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is one of the most important solid-state devices. It is a two-junction‚ three-terminal device‚ in which the current flow properties of one p-n junction can be modulated by another p-n junction. The structure can be either p-n-p or n-p-n. The three terminals are called emitter‚ base and collector. The circuit symbols of the two types of BJT are shown in Fig.1. The arrow on the emitter signifies the direction of
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1) How are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis different? Osteoarthritis usually affects people 60 or older and is caused by increasing wear and tear at the joint surfaces or from genetic factors affecting collagen formation. On the other hand rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory condition. It is caused by the body attacking its own tissues as well as allergies‚ bacteria‚ viruses‚ and other genetic factors. 2) When the triceps brachii muscle contracts‚ what movements does it produce? When
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The Muscular System: Neuromuscular Junction 1. What insulates each muscle cell? __________endomysium_______________ 2. Synaptic vesicles in the axon terminal of a motor neuron contain what neurotransmitter? __________acetylcholine_______________ 3. An action potential in the axon terminal of a motor neuron opens what type of ion channels? ____________Voltage-gated Calcium_____________ 4. By what means of membrane transport does the neurotransmitter leave the axon
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