The alkylation of 1‚4-dimethoxybenzene is very favorable because of the presence of two methoxy groups. The groups act as activators to electrophilic aromatic substitution because of their ability to donate electrons through resonance. This enhanced activation helps favor the initial substitution. After this‚ the ring has two methoxy groups and an alkyl group attached to it. The addition of the alkyl group further activate the ring for another electrophilic aromatic substitution. The addition of
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Enzyme lab report. Introduction. An enzyme is a protein molecule that speeds up the rates of chemical reactions by many folds. They recognize‚ bind‚ and change specific reactants. They do not change thus can catalyze the same reaction again and again. Activation energy also known as an energy barrier is the amount of energy needed in order to begin a chemical reaction. Catecholase catalyzes the reaction rate of catechol oxidation. Catechol is found beneath the skin of many plants such
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This was exactly the case with virtual lab #11 where the experiment called for an examination of an earthworm’s exterior anatomy and interior anatomy. The earthworm as a whole is considered the dependent variable as we cannot change it. However‚ the labels to be placed can be moved so they are the independent variables. My hypothesis is quite elementary. I believe that after studying the anatomy of an earthworm I will be better educated about it. Procedure: 1. Begin by reading about earthworm activity
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The different methods of measuring acids and bases in a solution By Starsky Intro to Biology September 26‚ 2011 Lab Partners: Kristen‚ Tania and Betty Introduction When using different methods to measure pH levels there are some tools that can be useful. Some more than others but by putting into action the different methods it may determine which tools will work best and give the best
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Introduction: The thermoregulation of ectotherms such as reptiles and insects has increased in “concern about the impacts of global warming on biodiversity… into direct impacts on living animals that remain simplistic” (Kearney‚ Shine‚ Porter‚ 1).
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concentration of one reactant will differ from its concentration in other trials‚ but all the other factors will remain the same. A group of clock reactions will be used to determine the effect of concentration on reaction rate. The reactions include: 1.) NaHSO3 + H2SO4 H2SO3 + NaHSO4 *this reaction occurs quickly and is common to miss 2.) KIO3 + 3H2SO3 KI + 3H2SO4 3.) KIO3 + 3H2SO4 + 5KI 3K2SO4+3H20 +3I2 4.) I2 + H2SO3 + H20 H2SO4 + 2H + 2I 5.) I2 + starch starch I2 (blue-black color)
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Thermodynamics- Enthalpy of Reaction and Hess’s Law December 5‚ 2011 Kylie Case‚ Emma McKee‚ Rebecca Smith Purpose: In this lab‚ the purpose was to verify Hess’s Law. Theory: Four main topics were covered during this experiment including enthalpy of reaction‚ heat of formation‚ Hess’s Law‚ and calorimetry. The first being enthalpy of reaction‚ ΔHrxn‚ which is the heat or enthalpy change for a chemical reaction. The energy change is equal to the amount of heat transferred at a constant
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Behavior of Gases and Absolute Zero Determination Lab Report Experiment 4 Introduction In this experiment we measured the relationship between temperature‚ volume‚ and pressure. Objectives: Conduct a set of experiments‚ each of which illustrates a gas law. Gather data to identify the gas law described by each activity. Complete the calculations necessary to evaluate the gas law in each activity. From your results‚ derive a single mathematical relationship that relates pressure‚ volume‚ and
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ab reportChemistry 117L Laboratory Report Name: Aneesa Noorani Lab Day: Tuesday Lab Room: SCL 114 Date of Experiment: January 22‚ 2013 TA: Mikhail 1. Basic Laboratory Skills Purpose(s) of the Experiment: The purpose of the first part of today’s experiment is to establish the stoichiometry of the reaction between titrate oxalate (C2O42-) and permanganate (MnO4-). The purpose of the second part of today’s experiment is to learn about the concepts of the rate of chemical reactions
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Termite Lab Report The effect of ink on termite behavior Abstract Termites produce special chemicals within their bodies called pheromones. Because termites are usually found inside dark areas‚ pheromones help them communicate in these places. Past studies have suggested that ink inside ballpoint pens contains pheromones‚ causing termites to follow any trail created by the ink. If a pathway is drawn with an ink pen‚ then a termite will be attracted to the path and trace it due to the pheromones
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