mechanoreceptors found in the ears. Oooh‚ that smell: Olfaction Olfactory cells line the top of your nasal cavity. On one end‚ olfactory cells have cilia — hair-like attachments — that project into the nasal cavity. On the other end of the cell‚ are olfactory nerve fibers‚ which pass through the ethmoid bone and into the olfactory bulb. The olfactory bulb is directly attached to the cerebral cortex of your brain. As you breathe‚ anything that is in the air that you take in enters your nasal cavity: hydrogen
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Define the following word parts. Ax-‚ axle: axon – cylindrical nerve process that carries impulses away from a neuron cell body. Dendr-‚ tree: dendrite – branched nerve process that serves as the receptor surface of a neuron. Funi-‚ cord‚ rope: funilicus – funiculi of spinal cord or bundle of nerve fibers. Gangli-‚ knot: ganglia – deliver information to the body -lemm‚ rind or peel: neurilemma – sheath that surrounds the myelin of a nerve cell process. Mening-‚ meninges - The three fibrous membranes
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2001). A further advantage of an ABR is that it is considered effective when evaluating suspected retrocochlear pathology‚ which is where hearing loss is caused by damage to the auditory nerve. Examples of this are acoustic neuromas or vestibular schwannoma‚ both of which are benign tumours on the auditory nerve (Bhattacharyya‚
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basis of its tissue selectivity. Allowed word count: 1500 Actual word count: 1498 Introduction Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an optical nerve dysfunction caused by mtDNA mutation that generally causes bilateral loss of sight in young adult men between the ages of 18 and 35 due to degradation of the optical nerve and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Although LHON generally affects young adults it can affect children as young as 1 and adults over 60.[1] Symptoms begin with
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muscular activity. The supply of oxygen is also increased. The increased supply of oxygen necessitates an increase in the rate of respiration‚ heart beat and increased blood flow via blood vessels. When physical exercise is stopped‚ the activities of nerves‚ lungs‚ heart and kidney gradually return to their normal conditions. Thus‚ the functions of muscles‚ lungs‚ heart‚ blood vessels‚ kidney and other organs are coordinated while performing physical exercises. In our body the neural system and the
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The nervous system consists of the brain‚ spinal cord‚ and a complex network of neurons. This system is responsible for sending‚ receiving‚ and interpreting information from all parts of the body. The nervous system monitors and coordinates internal organ function and responds to changes in the external environment. This system can be divided into two parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Let ’s take a look at the central nervous system. Central Nervous System The
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short-beveled stimulating needle attached to a nerve stimulator and attached to the surface electrode was inserted with a 90-degree angle to the skin and advanced until either plantar flexion or dorsiflexion of the foot was obtained. Initially‚ the stimulating current was set between 1.5 to 2 mA‚ and the frequency of stimulation was set at 2 Hz. The intensity of the stimulating current was gradually decreased as the needle approached the targeted nerve. The position of the needle was adjusted to maintain
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closed over by a membrane. The function of the Round Window is to focus and amplify sound.they are a part of the inner ear. Without them‚ you would not be able to hear properly. Semicircular canals: filled w/fluid‚ attached to cochlea and nerves‚ send information on balance and head position to the brain.
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Anatomy of Hearing including Ear Structures and Brain Structures The ear‚ an organ for hearing and balance‚ is anatomically divided into three sections: the outer ear‚ the middle ear‚ and the inner ear (Henderson). Each section contains many distinct parts that assist in the task of detecting and interpreting sound which is otherwise known as hearing (Henderson). The outer ear is composed of the auricle (pinna) and the external auditory canal (ear canal) (Sisco). The outer ear functions to
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Price (2000) classify pain into two types. First‚ nociceptive pain‚ refers to acute sensation triggered by stimulation of pain receptors‚ usually as a result of injury. It has a very useful‚ protective role. Second type‚ neuropathic pain‚ relates to nerve injury or dysfunction of the nervous system. This essay is going to explain mechanisms of central and peripheral neuropathic pain. It will describe causes and symptoms and provide some examples of common neuropathic syndromes. This piece will also
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