Punnett squares on the Lab Report. Answer the questions below. When you are finished‚ submit this assignment to your teacher by the due date for full credit. Part 1: Monohybrid Cross—Predicting Freckles in an F1 Generation Apply your understanding of how alleles assort and combine during reproduction to evaluate a scenario involving a monohybrid cross. The allele for having freckles (F) is dominant over the allele for not having freckles (f). Some characteristics in people are inherited as simple dominant
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INTRODUCTION TO DROSOPHILA GENETICS DROSOPHILA CULTURE We will study basic principles of Mendelian inheritance with the use of the fruit fly‚ Drosophila melanogaster [the name means “black-bodied fruit-lover”]. Drosophila was one of the first organisms to be studied genetically: its small size‚ short life cycle (10 ~14 days at 25oC)‚ high reproductive rate (an adult female can lay 400-500 eggs in 10 days)‚ and ease of culture and genetic manipulation have made it perhaps the best understood animal
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parental generation so you know you are only crossing the F-1 flies. 2. What generation will their offspring be? F2 generation. 3. Based on the data obtained‚ is the cross in Case 1 monohybrid or dihybrid? Explain. The cross in case 1 has to be monohybrid since there was only one trait passed. Instead of a dihybrid cross which would have involved two observed traits. 4. Is the cross in Case 1 sex–linked or autosomal? Explain. Autosomal‚ since the patterns are the same for both the males and the
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up with specific ratios that a monohybrid and dihybrid cross should show. His findings were that for a monohybrid cross‚ such as my crosses three and six‚ the phenotypes would have a ratio of 3:1 (Russell 2003). My results show that cross six fails to reject Mendel’s hypothesis with a ratio of 3 purple to 1 non-purple plant observed. However‚ cross three did reject Mendel’s hypothesis because epistasis was involved (Strickberger 1985). The results of my last monohybrid cross‚ cross three‚ showed a
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you are crossing only F1 flies. 2. What generation will their offspring be? The new offspring are the F2 generation. 3. Based on the data obtained‚ is the cross in Case 1 monohybrid or dihybrid? Explain. The cross is monohybrid because only one trait –eye color– is involved. Further‚ the data show a 3 : 1 ratio. A dihybrid cross would have resulted in a 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 ratio. 4. Is the cross in Case 1 sex–linked or autosomal? Explain. Since the pattern seems to be the same for males and females
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Yellow Total Kernel Texture Smooth Wrinkled Total Data Table 5: Punnet square for dihybrid cross. Data Table 6: Data from corn kernels. Number Counted Ratio: Number counted / total Purple and smooth Purple and wrinkled Yellow and smooth Yellow and wrinkled TOTAL Exercise 1: Observing a Monohybrid Cross Questions A. What are the predicted ratios of the phenotypes in the plants? B. What was the
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Explain the structure and inheritance of genes (15 marks) A cell’s nucleus contains chromosomes‚ which are long‚ coiled packaged and organized chromatin (molecules of DNA). Chromatin is a complex of molecules found in cells‚ consisting of DNA‚ protein and RNA. Proteins are polypeptides (a large sequence of amino acids). The chief protein component of chromatin are histones‚ which package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes in order to fit in the cell‚ as well as reinforce the
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MENDELIAN GENETICS DEXTER GICARO BALBOA UNO-R Coverage of this Lecture • Mendelian Genetics • Extension of Mendel’s Laws • Problem Sets Mendelian Genetics • Also known as Transmission Genetics • Explores how the genetic material is inherited from generation to generation Mendelian Genetics The first significant insights into the mechanisms involved in inheritance occurred in 1866 with the works of Gregor Johann Mendel His publication lay the foundation for the formal discipline of genetics
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Genes are molecular units of heredity which encode for different types of traits. Each organism has traits that are defined phenotypically and can be studied though the field of genetics. Genetics is the study of genes‚ heredity‚ and how they cause variation in different living organisms. Scientists study genetic pattern in different organisms to determine the different trends in a certain population. In every organism‚ we obtain one allele from each parent. Alleles are types of genes that can be
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or paste into your document. 1. Photo #1 –Take a photo of the seedlings AFTER they have sprouted – close enough to the petri dish to see the little seedlings‚ even if they are not clear enough to count in the photo. Exercise 1: observing a Monohybrid Cross Data Table 1: Punnett square Father ( g g ) × Mother ( g g ) Father (♂) gametes g g Mother (♀) Data Table 2: Seedling data Seedling Color green yellow Total Number of Seedlings Percentage of Total Questions
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