Summary on the Impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business organizations and their activities. Fiscal policy Government influence the economy by changing the level and types of taxes‚ the extent and composition of spending‚ and degree and form of borrowing. Lower taxes mean more disposable income for consumers and more cash for businesses to invest in jobs and equipment. Stimulus-spending programs‚ which are short-term in nature and often involve infrastructure projects‚ can also help drive
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EXPORT CREDIT Export credit policy refers to the measures influencing the level and composition of exports of a country. India‘s export policy has been primarily that of promoting exports. One of the important measures being adopted for export promotion in India is concessionary export credit. 252 Some of the policy measures related with export credit are given below: 1992-93 i) In order to make dollar-dominated export credit scheme more attractive‚ the rate of interest on refinance under this
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A central bank‚ reserve bank‚ or monetary authority is an institution that manages a state’s currency‚ money supply‚ and interest rates. Central banks also usually oversee the commercial banking system of their respective countries. In contrast to a commercial bank‚ a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the amount of money in the nation‚ and usually also prints the national currency‚ which usually serves as the nation’s legal tender.[1][2] Examples include the European Central Bank
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RBI ’s Monetary Policy for the Last Two Decades and Medium Term Strategy for Managing Foreign Exchange Reserves." --Macro Economics Kaushik.P Srinagar Colony‚ Off Raj Bhavan Road‚ 24‚ South Mada Street‚ Chennai - 600015‚ India Preamble: The Monetary Policy‚ traditionally announced twice a year‚ regulates the supply of money and the cost and availability of credit in the economy. It deals with both the lending and borrowing rates of interest for commercial banks. The Monetary Policy aims
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INTERNATIONAL MONETARY SYSTEM & MULTULATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS Meaning International Monetary System refers to the system prevailing in world foreign exchange markets through which international trade & capital movements are financed & exchanges rates are determined. MNCs operate in a global market‚ buying/selling/producing in many different countries. For example‚ GM sells cars in 150 countries‚ produces cars in 50 countries‚ so it has to deal with hundreds of currencies. What are the
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THE CHANNELS OF MONETARY TRANSMISSION The monetary transmission mechanism is the channels through which the monetary target works and it describes the mechanisms through which the monetary policy actions of the central bank impact on the ultimate objective of inflation and output. Miskhin (1995) usefully describes the various channels through which monetary policy action as summarized by changes in either the nominal money stock or the short term nominal interest rate‚ impact real variables such
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1. What is the Solow (or long-run) growth curve‚ why is it vertical‚ and what causes it to shift? Solow growth curve is a production function that expresses the relationship between output and the factors of production. the formula is Y = F(A‚K‚eL) where A= ideas‚ K = physical captial‚ L = Labor‚ and e = natural resources. The Solow growth curve is represented by a vertical line at the Solow growth rate because: I. it does not depend on the rate of inflation. II. there is an underlying assumption
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Role of the Federal Reserve System in Designing and Implementing U.S. Monetary Policies. This week’s reading material proved to be very informative as well as eye opening. There was a lot of information covered concerning the Federal Reserve System that we all found to be very interesting. According to (Colander‚ 2010)‚ “Money is a highly liquid financial asset that serves as a unit of account‚ a medium of exchange‚ and a store of wealth‚” before this class we never really looked at money in this
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Fiscal and Monetary policy- The response of global economic crisis especially in EU Introduction Monetary and fiscal authorities across the globe have responded quickly and decisively to these extraordinary developments. In particular‚ against the background of rapidly receding inflationary pressures and risks‚ the Euro system has taken monetary policy and liquidity management measures that were unprecedented in nature‚ scope and timing. Since
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channel of the monetary chanism. For example‚ Bernanke and Gertler (1995) in their paper provide two y the conventional interest rate channel may be weak (refer to your reading list). e that spending‚ especially on durable goods are fairly insensitive to short-term Monetary transmission channels: Various channels through Δ Money Supply affect the aggregate economy. Second‚ according to the interest rate channel‚ monetary policy should have its Transmission mechanism of monetary policy: Links btw
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