change. 2. No‚ because the color inside the tube did not change. 3. Yes Glucose moved out of the tube. The color changed from transparent to orange. The Effect of Weight on Diffusion: Molecule Molecular Formula Did it cross selectively permeable membrane Starch Polysaccharide made up of many Glucose molecules No Glucose C6H12O6 Yes The Effect of Weight on Diffusion’s Speed: We put 3 elements in a TSA plate and left them for 30 minutes to see where diffusion is faster‚ the results are: 1.
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of water. Both the ice cream maker and road salt are examples of freezing point depression. Salt water is an example of a chemical solution. In a solution‚ there is a solvent (the water in this example)‚ and a solute (the salt in this example). A molecule of the solute will
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Modeling Molecules Introduction: You can represent a molecule two-dimensionally‚ as a structural formula or electron dot structure. Although such models are useful in certain contexts‚ they do not accurately represent bond angles between atoms or shapes of molecules. In this activity‚ you will construct three-dimensional models of several molecules. You will use electron dot structures and structural formulas to inform how you construct the three-dimensional models. Materials: jelly beans‚ gum
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Molecular modelling is the general term used to describe the use of computers to construct molecules and perform a variety of calculations on these molecules in order to predict their chemical characteristics and behaviour. The term molecular modelling is often used synonymously with the term computational chemistry. Computational chemistry is a broader term‚ referring to any use of computers to study chemical systems. Some chemists use the term computational quantum chemistry to refer to the use
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droplet form. Also‚ when the glass and wax sheets were flipped‚ the water remained on the glass and fell off the wax paper. This is due to adhesion; the water molecules stuck to the glass molecules and prevented the droplet from falling when the glass was turned upside down. Water is polar. Its electrons are unevenly distributed among the molecule with two unshared electron pairs on the oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms align themselves along one side of the oxygen atom‚ causing a slightly positive and
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A Report of Experiment 1 Purification and Identification of An Unknown Mixture Aim To separate a mixture of a neutral (ester‚ alcohol‚ ketone‚ aldehyde or ether) and an acidic compound (phenol or carboxylic acid) or a neutral and a basic compound (amine)‚ and to identify the unknown mixture by physical (M.P. or B.P.) and spectroscopic methods (NMR‚ IR and MS). Method The mixture (sample number: 27) was dissolved in 200 mL of CH2Cl2 and then extracted with 10% NaOH. The acid was removed
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Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR) Predicting the Shapes of Molecules There is no direct relationship between the formula of a compound and the shape of its molecules. The shapes of these molecules can be predicted from their Lewis structures‚ however‚ with a model developed about 30 years ago‚ known as the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory. The VSEPR theory assumes that each atom in a molecule will achieve a geometry that minimizes the repulsion between electrons
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INTRODUCTION A hydrated salt is a crystallize salt molecule that is weakly attached to a certain number of water molecules. Salt is created when an acid’s anion (negative ions) and a base’s cation (positive ions) are combined to produce an acid-base molecule. A salt molecule that is not bound to any water molecules is an anhydrate‚ and a salt molecule that is bound to water molecules is a hydrated salt. In a hydrated salt‚ the water molecules are transforming into the crystalline structure of the
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distribution of electrons in order to understand the chemical properties of reactivity and molecules like texture and microstructure. One of the most important influences
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Molecular-Orbital Theory Introduction Orbitals in molecules are not necessarily localized on atoms or between atoms as suggested in the valence bond theory. Molecular orbitals can also be formed the LCAO where more than two atomic orbitals are used. (Technically‚ we can use all of the atomic orbitals in the LCAO.) Linear combinations of orbitals result in the interference of waves. Both constructive and destructive interference may result. Within a diatomic molecule‚ N atomic orbitals on atom 1 and N atomic
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