Sample essays and suggested plans for content 1. The process of diffusion and its importance in living organisms Definition Fick’s Law Types of diffusion e.g. Facilitated diffusion‚ osmosis Gas exchange in unicells‚ fish‚ mammals and plants Digestion and absorption of products Exchange of materials between blood in capillaries and tissues e.g. placenta Transpiration‚ root pressure‚ water and ion uptake by roots Translocation and mass flow hypothesis Osmoregulation by blood and kidney‚ unicells
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chloroplast: in plants‚ contain photosynthetic pigments that turn light‚ CO2 and H2O into glucose | | |5. chromosome: packaging of DNA in nucleus. Functions in cell division
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ESSAY PRACTICE Cycles in Biology A cycle can be defined by a series of repeated steps that produce an end product which is the same as the start product. There are many cycles in biology including cycles that occur inside organisms such as the cardiac cycle‚ calvin cycle and the krebs cycle. There are also biological cycles that occur around us in the outside world such as the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle. I have decided to focus my essay on the biological cycles that occur inside
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website www.tutorvista.com‚ Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes in their structure‚ packing‚ density‚ and arrangement of their genes on the chromosome. Differences in cellular structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts‚ the cell wall‚ and the structure of chromosomal DNA. All cells share some common characteristics that make them living things and all organisms are composed of cells which are the basic fundamental unit of life. Also all living organisms
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centrosomes. Chloroplasts: photosynthesizing organelles of all photosynthetic eukaryotes. Competitive inhibition: resembles the enzyme’s normal substrate and competes with the substrate for the active site on the enzyme. Countercurrent exchange: the transfer of a substance from a fluid or volume of air moving in one direction to another fluid or volume of air moving in the opposite direction Cytochrome system: The cytochrome system is found in the many cristae of mitochondria‚ which are tiny
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specialized lipids found in cell membranes and myelin sheaths of nerve fibers. (National Institute of Neurological Disorder and Stroke) After being released from cytosolic ribosomes‚ newly synthesized peroxisomal proteins‚ unlike mitochondrial chloroplast proteins‚ generally fold into their mature conformation in the cytosol before being imported into the organelle. Protein import into peroxisomes
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READING MATERIAL 1. Explain the three hypotheses for the recent changes in the toxicity of venom in different species of rattlesnakes found in the United States. - Interbreeding between snakes with different venom profiles. - Geographic distribution (genes shifted eastward) - Convolution - Old rattlesnakes have high concentration of toxic. 2. What is an “evolutionary arms race”? Describe how this applies to one of the hypotheses suggested to explain toxicity of venom in rattlers
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prokaryotes and eukaryotes include the presence of mitochondria and chloroplasts‚ the cell wall‚ and the structure of chromosomal DNA. In this lab four cells were observed and they were Onion Epidermis Cell stained with Iodine‚ Elodea Freshwater Plant Cell‚ Epithelial Cells aka Human Cheek cells stained with Crystal Violet‚ and Unknown Cell. The difference between animal and plants cells is that animal cells does not have a cell wall or chloroplasts but plant cells do. Animal cells are round and irregular
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the mitochondrion. | B) | takes place in all animal cells. | C) | does not require O2. | D) | requires lactic acid. | E) | prevents glycolysis. | 2. | In the cell‚ the site of oxygen utilization is the - D | A) | nucleus. | B) | chloroplast. | C) | endoplasmic reticulum. | D) | mitochondrion. | E) | cytosol. | 3. | Animals inhale air containing oxygen and exhale air with less oxygen and more carbon dioxide. After inhalation‚ the oxygen missing from the air will mostly be
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molecule is processed to produce ATP and Carbon Dioxide molecules. This Cycle uses ATP to specifically break down the pyruvate into Acetyl Co-A. Once this goes through the cycle‚ limited ATP as well as more NADH are produced. This happens in the mitochondria when sufficient oxygen is present to form the Carbon Dioxide. What is the role of the electron transport system? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur? The role of the electron transport system is to complete the final
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