Lit. 103 World Literatures Preliminary Examination Reviewer ------------------------------------------------- Indian-Chinese-Japanese Indian Literature Aryan race- invaded India from North West * Brahmanism‚ Hinduism‚ and Jainism were their religions Gautama Buddha- made many changes in the old religion; his teachings later became the basis for one of the five major religions Sanskrit- oldest extant Aryan language‚ used in most Ancient Indian literature 2 Periods of Indian Literature
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(even though rule of Vietnam lasted much longer). Of course geography played a role in this connection because China and Korea are‚ well‚ connected. Koreans are ethnically distinct‚ however‚ a fact that led indigenous Korean rulers to establish dynasties with a will to keeping their peninsula secure. Koreans originated out of eastern Siberia and Manchuria rather than out of Mongolia or Asia Minor making them have more in common‚ ethnically‚ with American Indians than with the
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Then They created bronze weapons and invented the crossbow. The Great Wall of China was built to defend against enemies. During Han Dynasty‚ they advanced in poetry and visual arts. Also the birth of the exam system for Chinese civil servants dates from this time. The doctrines were replaced by Confucian Philosophy. During Han Dynasty it was the period of further land expansion and it extended into a very large territory. They found a symbol to represent
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animal‚ insects‚ fish‚ pets and etc. Before being an independent school of paintings‚ flower-and-birds is developed rather late than others subjects paintings (figure and landscapes)‚ which originated in Tang Dynasty and raised its maturity at the end of the Tang and Five Dynasties period. The flow of such genre painting initially regarding as ornamental pattern for daily objects‚ then become symbolic‚ metaphoric and allegorical elements in the background of figure or landscape paintings and
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greatest influence among the ancient capitals. Xi’an was located on the eastern end of the Silk Road‚ which connected China with other European countries in the West. Xi’an was the capital for more than 1‚000 years‚ spanning 13 dynasties such as the Qing‚ Han‚ Sui and Tang Dynasties. Located in Middle China‚ it is an important birthplace of Chinese culture and civilization. Nowadays‚ Xi’an has rich‚ well-preserved historical relics. The Terra-cotta Warriors and Houses are the most popular among the
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apparent fascination with gods‚ astrology‚ and their surroundings. * In 5500-4900 a civilization emerged which was very advanced‚ completed with construction of buildings‚ farming and agriculture‚ pottery‚ and burial of the dead. * Shang Dynasty: Anyang‚ confirmed to be the last standing of the Shang’s nine capitals was excavated and evidence of civilization was found. * The oracle bones were confirmed to be China’s first written evidence of organized culture and were a way of predicting
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architecture refers to a style of architecture that has taken shape in East Asia over many centuries. The structural principles of Chinese architecture have remained largely unchanged‚ the main changes being only the decorative details. Since the Tang Dynasty‚ Chinese architecture has had a major influence on the architectural styles of Korea‚ Vietnam‚ and Japan. The architecture of China is as old as Chinese civilization. From every source of information - literary‚ graphic‚ exemplary - there is strong
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Differed ways to consume tea resulted in different ways of using tea wares. Compared to the typical way of tea drinking in the late-Ming period‚ the process of tea-tasting in the Tang and Song dynasties were much more complicated. The complication implied that tea connoisseurs in the Ming era had drastically simplified the tea vessels they often used‚ as well as the whole procedure of tea tasting. The understandings of Tang-style tea drinking have been significantly transformed by the re-apparition
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ISP Chapter Chiu Yau Wai The Chinese possess the longest continuous cultural history of any of the peoples of the world (Sickman. L‚ 1968). In recent years‚ pushed by the huge economic growth in Asia‚ the fine art market rise sharply within Asia‚ especially China‚ changed the geographical structure of the global art market. The Chinese government set up some preferential policies to promote the fine art market because they see the great economic potential in this flied. In 2011‚ China has
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across deserts and mountains‚ some as high as 2‚700 meters! One part of the wall‚ about 7 meters high‚ goes across 96 kilometers of mountains. The men built about 40 kilometers each month‚ or about 1.3 kilometers per day. Later‚ during the Ming Dynasty‚ from 1368-1644‚ the Great Wall was repaired and made longer. The wall was built with stone‚ and rice flour was used as mortar to hold the stones together. The wall was 5 to 10 meters thick‚ and over 8 meters high. Today the Great Wall
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