largely by experience‚ observation‚ and sensory perception. René Descartes and John Locke‚ both seventeenth century philosophers‚ are often seen as two of the first early modern philosophers. Both Descartes and Locke attempt to find answers to the same questions in metaphysics and epistemology; among these: What is knowledge? Is there certainty in knowledge? What roles do the mind and body play in the acquisition of knowledge? Descartes and Locke do not provide the same answers to these questions. In
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Rene Descartes were among the first to break away from the conventional views of their times to find a place for science in a society and propose the way it should be practiced. All three authors agree on some points but differe markedly on others. Bacon insists on the importa nce of experimentation and relative uselessness of senses and experience‚ while Decartes thinks them imporatnt for understanding of nature. Galileo stresses the need for separation of science and religion‚ while Descartes
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will argue that the clearest difference between Descartes and Nietzsche here is that whereas Descartes thought that ideas are passive‚ Nietzsche thought the opposite. Well‚ Descartes tries to prove the existence of God‚ which is the condition of establishing/ensuring an external world‚ including inter-subjectivity‚ in his view. God is a precondition of the innate ideas and connection with the surrounding world. There’s no doubt in the mind of Descartes that God exist. Hence‚ he is claiming that faith/religion
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Is your mind the ultimate guide to happiness and truth‚ or is experiencing things for yourself the only way to find the true meaning of life? Or is living in a cave confined of your own ignorance your ideal way to live a happy life? In Descartes
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Descartes divides ideas into three kinds: innate ideas‚ adventitious ideas‚ and factitious ideas. He says‚ “among my ideas‚ some appear to be innate‚ some appear to be adventitious‚ and other have been invented by me. My understanding of what a thing is‚ what truth is‚ and what thought is‚ seems to derive simply from my own nature. But my hearing a noise‚ as I do now‚ or seeing the sun‚ or feeling the fire‚ comes from things which are located outside me‚ or so I have hitherto judged. Lastly‚
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Like Descartes‚ Montesquieu associated freedom as being in accordance with reason. Unlike Descartes‚ Montesquieu did discuss external freedom as embodied through law more at length‚ and also wrote extensively on the subject of slavery. In The Spirit of Laws‚ Montesquieu writes that “… political liberty does not consist in an unlimited freedom. In governments‚ that is‚ in societies directed by laws‚ liberty can consist only in the power of doing what we ought to will‚ and in not being constrained
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Paige Adams Philosophy 121 Individual & Society Dr. Mathis 11/8/2012 Mill vs. Rousseau Philosophers throughout the ages have had many well thought out and educated ideas and opinions about government and individuals place in society. Some are similar while others are conflicting‚ but all have a right to be analyzed to see which idea is the best in a situation. A qualifying example is the differences between Mill’s and Rousseau’s beliefs. Although‚ their ideas do appear to be similar
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Kant vs Mills in Animal Rights In this essay I will cover the philosophy of Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill. I will begin by covering Kant perspective of rational beings and his idea of a priori learning. I will then move on to his idea of categorical imparaitive. After Kant I will discuss Mill’s utilitarian theory regarding pleasure and pain. With a better understanding of those I will move to Mill’s idea of a posteriori and hypothetical imperative. Following the ideas of these philosophers
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Kant and John Stuart Mill have differing viewpoints of this topic. John Stuart Mill has a philosophy known as Utilitarianism. In this way of thinking‚ ethics are based on the maximization of pleasure. In other words‚ it’s based on the consequences of a given action. The basic principle of Utilitarianism is that "actions are right in so far as they tend to promote happiness‚ wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness" happiness equals the absence of pain. Mill also touches on the
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Mill - Dworkin debate 1. Mill’s utilitarian argument against paternalism "I forego any advantage which could be derived to my argument from the idea of abstract right as a thing independent of utility. I regard utility as the ultimate appeal on all ethical questions; but it must be utility in the largest sense‚ grounded on the permanent interests of man as a progressive being". Mill does not argue that liberty is a right but rather that giving people liberty has beneficial consequences. Mill thinks
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