Viroids are plant pathogens that consist of a short stretch (a few hundred nucleobases) of highly complementary‚ circular‚ single-stranded RNA without the protein coat that is typical for viruses.[1] The smallest discovered is a 220 nucleobase scRNA (small cytoplasmic RNA) associated with the rice yellow mottle sobemovirus (RYMV).[2] In comparison‚ the genome of the smallest known viruses capable of causing an infection by themselves are around 2kilobases in size. The human pathogen hepatitis D is
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Sep. 21‚ 2014 Stem Cells Stem cells are the beginning of organism creation and have the potential to separate‚ becoming any kind of organism‚ endlessly. These cells have not gone through the process known as differentiation‚ which gives the cell a specific function. Technically‚ due to research over the recent years‚ scientists could grow certain organs with through stem cells because of the fact that these cells can be manipulated early on. There are multiple stem cells that have been determined
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Cell Fusion Introduction: The fusion of cells is a fundamental biological event that is essential for a variety of developmental and homeostatic processes. The importance of cell-cell fusion during development and disease is displayed in a variety of biological processes including‚ but not limited to‚ fertilization‚ development of tissues‚ the immune response‚ and aspects of tissue regeneration due to stem cells (Chen and Olson‚ 2005). Fertilization‚ which is the fusion of sperm and egg‚
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Stem Cells and Tissue Renewal 1 The Multicellular “Habitat” • Cells of multicellular organisms – highly specialized – over 200 types in human body • Arranged into tissues‚ organs‚ organ systems • Unable to survive outside body “habitat” skin wont survive in heart tissues. They all start up identicals 2 Specialized Cell Types • Cells of early embryo identical • Differentiation results in specialized cell types – some differentiated cells continue to divide – many others are
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A solar cell (also called photovoltaic cell or photoelectric cell) is a solid state electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. Assemblies of cells used to make solar modules which are used to capture energy from sunlight‚ are known as solar panels. The energy generated from these solar modules‚ referred to as solar power‚ is an example of solar energy. Photovoltaics is the field of technology and research related to the practical
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janitor fish fertilizer is acidic in nature‚ therefore‚ it is an excellent to salt sensitive plants without damaging them. Fish fertilizer is one of the most powerful liquid organic fertilizers that can be fed to plants. Emulsified organic fish fertilizer is acidic in nature ‚ therefore‚ it is an excellent way to feed to salt sensitive plants without damaging them. a.) Background of the Study This study was conducted to help fishermen to alleviate their problem on
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A plants volatile organic compound (VOC) composition is the hand that swats unwanted visitors‚ welcomes visitation from much needed pollinators‚ and the substantial determinant in a plants identity and overall evolutionary fitness within the plant community. Understanding the mechanics of volatile formation is essential in interpreting their importance in plant life‚ and in plant-animal interactions. A huge allocation of energy is assumed to be given to the production of volatiles‚ and is therefore
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CELL INJURY: CAUSES OF CELL INJURY‚ MECHANISMS OF REVERSIBLE AND IRREVERSIBLE CELL INJURY. CELL INJURY. Causes of cell injury range from gross mechanical external causes to mild endogenous causes as genetic lack of enzymes etc. Virtually all forms of tissue injuries start with molecular or structural alterations in cells. Under normal conditions‚ the cells are in: ❖ homeostastatic „steady“ state Normal cell is confined to relatively narrow range of functions and structure by
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Macintosh in 1986‚ Lab VIEW is commonly used for data acquisition‚ instrument control‚ and industrial automation on a variety of platforms including Microsoft Windows‚ various versions of UNIX‚ Linux‚ and Mac OS X. The latest version of Lab VIEW is Lab VIEW 2014‚ released in August 2014. DATAFLOW PROGRAMMING: The programming language used in Lab VIEW‚ also referred to as G‚ is a dataflow programming language. Execution is determined by the structure of a graphical block diagram (the Lab VIEW-source
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INTRODUCTION For this course which is Audit 1‚ I need to complete the case study‚ the topic that I have chosen is Audit of property‚ plant and equipment. Property‚ plant and equipment are assets that have expected lives of more than one year‚ used by the company for business purposes‚ and are not acquired for resale. The purpose of using property‚ plant and equipment as part of the operation of client’s business and their expected lives of more than one year are the significant characteristics that
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