water flea – Daphnia * Caffeine of 5 different concentrations * Microscope * Counter * Cavity Slide * Pipettes * Stop clock * Distilled water * Test tubes * Petri dish Method: 1. Remove one Daphnia and place it in the cavity slide 2. Remove the pond water and replace it with distilled water 3. Leave it for 5 minutes to acclimatize‚ then observe the heart rate under the microscope for 30 seconds‚ multiply the number by 2 to calculate the beats/min
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lenses found in a microscope. Eyepiece or ocular lens Objective lens Recall the units used to measure microscopic objects. Micrometres Recall what happens to the field of view as the magnification used increases. As the magnification increases‚ then the amount of the specimen you can see (the field of view) gets smaller. Name two different types of: Light microscope- monocular microscope and the binocular microscope. Electron microscope- transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron
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similarities and differences exist because of varied life functions. Purpose: In this lab‚ you will find out how plant and animal cells are alike and how they are different. Material ● Microscope ● slides & coverslips ● water ● cell stains: iodine & methylene blue ● toothpicks ● lens paper ● paper ● pen/pencil Introduction: Ever since the first microscope was used‚ biologists have been interested in studying the cellular organization of all living things. After hundreds of years of observations by many biologists
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being kept‚ in order to deeply analyze the ladder. He took apart the ladder to use microscopes and a variety of lightening and photographic techniques to examine the wood and cleats.
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: -Device used to overcome the limitation of sight. -Device used to overcome the limitation of hearing. Device used to overcome the limitation of sight. (Microscope) [pic] Instrument to magnify object such as virus Objective lens and eyepiece magnifying image Types: light microscope‚ electron microscope (Magnifying glass) [pic] Limited magnifying power-10 to 15 times Use to see small objects Magnifying glass is convex lens (Telescope)
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INTRODUCTION Defects of Hearing •Hearing defects means ear is not working correctly or as well as it should. •It may occur in more than one part of the ear. •1. DEAF-full or partial decrease in the ability to detect or understand sounds. Deaf usually caused by : - Eardrum is torn-cannot function - Ossicle bone fused together-can’t vibrate - Auditory nerve damaged by loud sound - Cochlea damage due to sickness/ drugs •2. Temporary hearing loss-build-up of earwax •3. Presbycusis- hearing loss
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Salmonella 1) What is the infectious agent (Pathogen) that causes this infectious disease? The infectious agent (pathogen) that causes salmonella is called salmonella enteriditis. The bacteria is larger than a virus; but‚ is visible to the eye with the microscope. It is rod-shaped‚ gram negative‚ non-motile bacteria that does not form spores. It infects the cell‚ multiplies within it; then‚ bursts the cell. Special effector protein factors are required for salmonella intestinal invasion and the induction
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thus deriving the name. However what Hooke actually saw was the dead cell walls of plant cells (cork) as it appeared under the microscope. Hooke’s description of these cells was published in Micrographia. The cell walls observed by Hooke gave no indication of the nucleus and other organelles found in most living cells. The first man to witness a live cell under a microscope was Anton van Leeuwenhoek‚ who in 1674 described the algae Spirogyra. Van Leeuwenhoek probably also saw bacteria. Formulation
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when he compared the cork cells he saw through his microscope to the small rooms monks lived in. BRIEF HISTORY OF THE CELL THEORY The cell was first discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. He examined very thin slices of cork and saw a multitude of tiny pores that he remarked looked like the walled compartments of a honeycomb. Because of this‚ Hooke called them cells‚ the name they still bear. The first man to witness a live cell under a microscope was Antonie Phillips van Leeuwenhoek‚ who in 1674 described
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normal blood smear 2. Case 2: acute lymphocytic anemia 3. Case 3: mononucleosis Journal Questions for lab 1. In what ways do normal red and white blood cells differ? Red blood cells are easier to see under high levels of a microscope and white blood cells are better seen under low levels. Also white blood cells are used to fight off infections as for red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. 2. Which type of white blood cell would you expect to be most common in
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