V. Free Blacks: Slaves Without Masters 1. By 1860‚ free Blacks in the South numbered about 250‚000. 2. In the upper South‚ these Blacks were descended from those freed by the idealism of the Revolutionary War (“all men were created equal”). 3. In the deep South‚ they were usually mulattoes (Black mother‚ White father who was usually a master) freed when their masters died. 4. Many owned property; a few owned slaves themselves. 5. Free Blacks were prohibited from working in
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Active Immunity The production of antibodies against a specific agent by the immune system is known as active immunity. This particular immunity process is there to keep you healthy. Active immunnity can be acquired in two ways: naturally by contracting an infectious disease or artificially by receiving a vaccination. Active immunity is natural and permanent; protecting individuals from disease their entire lives. This process can take place quickly by large amounts of medicines at one time
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Sovereign Immunity is a principle of public International Law as per which a state and its instrumentalities ( its officials‚ organs or agents) cannot be sued before courts of a foreign state‚ in other words‚ court of one state cannot sit in judgment on another state. This immunity was granted to the State to enable it to carry out its public functions effectively and maintain international relations. Under the principles of International Law all states are equal and sovereign‚ thus a need was felt
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Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols C O O H H sp3 alcohol pKa~ 16-18 phenol (aromatic alcohol) pKa~ 10 Alcohols contain an OH group connected to a saturated carbon (sp3) Phenols contain an OH group connected to a carbon of a benzene ring O H C C H C C O chemistry dominated by the keto form 76 enol keto H O H R O H R O R R O O R’ water alcohol R S H ether R S R peroxide R S S R’ thiols thioether disulfides
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` Study Guide for Exam 1 Chapter 1: 1. What is a “microbe”? What groups of organisms are included in this category? Microbes (microorganisms) are minute living things that individually are too small to be seen with the unaided eye the group includes bacteria‚ fungi‚ protozoa‚ and microscopic algae‚ viruses Only minority of microorganisms are pathogenic(disease-producing) 2. What are some of the benefits provided by microbes? Decompose organic waste‚ producers in the ecosystem
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CHAPTER 17 SPONTANEITY‚ ENTROPY‚ AND FREE ENERGY Questions 11. Living organisms need an external source of energy to carry out these processes. Green plants use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water by photosynthesis. In the human body‚ the energy released from the metabolism of glucose helps drive the synthesis of proteins. For all processes combined‚ ∆Suniv must be greater than zero (the second law). 12. Dispersion increases the entropy of the universe because
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Laboratory Exercises in Microbiology‚ Fifth Edition Front Matter Preface © The McGraw−Hill Companies‚ 2002 PREFACE Take interest‚ I implore you‚ in those sacred dwellings which one designates by the expressive term: laboratories. Demand that they be multiplied‚ that they be adorned. These are the temples of the future—temples of well-being and of happiness. There it is that humanity grows greater‚ stronger‚ better. Louis Pasteur (French chemist‚ founder of microbiology‚ 1822–1895) There
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Microbiology! 1) Groups of Organisms (7): Eukaryote: TRUE nucleus 1. Fungi 4. Bacteria 2. Algae 5. Rickettsia 3. Protozoa ! Prokaryote: NO Nucleus Ribosome is the only Organelle 6. Mycoplasma (7. Viruses: No cell structure‚ ARE NOT CELLS) Microorganisms are: ! UBIQUITOUS! ! HARMLESS IN THEIR NORMAL HABITAT ! OPPORTUNISTIC (If they leave their normal habitat and get into us) 2) Roles of Microorganisms: (Bacteria and Fungi are “Semi-Good”) - digestion -
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The “Revolution of 1800” By 1800 the Federalist party was split‚ clearing the way to the presidency for the Democratic-Republicans. Two men ran for the nomination: Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr. Each received an equal number of votes in the electoral college‚ which mean that the Federalist-dominated House of Representatives were required to choose a president. Jefferson finally won (Albert Gallatin as his treasurer). Hamilton sided with Jefferson because he believed Burr to be an unfit and dangerous
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vs Virus - Difference and Comparison | Diffen. [online] Available at: http://www.diffen.com/difference/Bacteria_vs_Virus [Accessed: 04 Feb 2014] Microbeworld.org. Deena T Kochunni‚ J. H. 2014. Differencebetween Bacteria and Cyanobacteria ~ Biology Exams 4 U. [online] Available at: http://www.biologyexams4u.com/2012/10/difference-between-bacteria-and.html [Accessed: 04 Feb2014].
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