Exp’t 84 Synthesis of Methyl Benzoate by Fisher Esterification from K. L. Williamson‚ Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments‚ 2nd Ed. 1994‚ Houghton Mifflin‚ Boston p385 Revised 10/15/03 Prelab Exercise: Give the detailed mechanism for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl benzoate. Introduction: The ester group is an important functional group that can be synthesized in a number of different ways. The low-molecular-weight esters have very pleasant odors and indeed are the major components
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Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library J. Nat. Prod. Plant Resour.‚ 2011‚ 1 (1): 91-100 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) Cressa Cretica Linn: An Important Medicinal Plant-A Review on Its Traditional Uses‚ Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties Sangeeta Rani1*‚ Sudhir Chaudhary1‚ Pradeep Singh1‚ Garima Mishra1‚ K. K. Jha1‚ R. L. Khosa2 Department of Pharmacognosy‚ Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy‚ Teerthanker Mahaveer University
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with a public transport system‚ which can reduce number of vehicles thereby reducing congestion‚ and also caters to the increasing population. Use of alternate fuels Vehicles must be installed with engines that are fuelled by hydrogen‚ ethanol‚ methanol and natural gas. They are known as cleaner fuels because they release less CO 2 into the air. They are economical as they can be obtained from natural resources. Introduction of battery operated or electric vehicles They run on the chemical energy
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Methods and Materials involved A tablet is a mixture of active substances and excipients usually in powder form‚ pressed or compacted into a solid. The excipients include binders‚ glidants (flow aids) and lubricants to ensure efficient tabletting; disintegrants to ensure that the tablet breaks up in the digestive tract; sweeteners or flavours to mask the taste of bad-tasting active ingredients; and pigments to make uncoated tablets visually attractive. A polymer coating is usually applied
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The objective of present study was to prepare a novel stable Fluorometholone ophthalmic Nanosuspension which has advantage over conventional ophthalmic suspension such as blurred vision‚ burning‚ stinging and irritation upon instillation. The viscosity was increased to provide additional advantage of long duration of action. Precipitation method was used to prepare Fluorometholone ophthalmic Nanosuspension. The type of polymer and stabilizer used showed effect on the particle size and zeta potential
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80°C and filtered twice as like before. Then Pb(NO3)2 solution was added dropwise with filtered K2SO4 solution. The precipitate obtained was stirred for two hours. Then the precipitate was washed with distilled water‚ mixture of distilled water and methanol (50:50) and finally with
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Marijuana is a stimulant‚ that’s currently illegal in the United States. Twenty-eight states have gone through various legislatives to decriminalize marijuana which accounts for 2‚224‚00 people incarnated across the United States [www.Drugpolicy.com]. Despite the medicinal advantages marijuana posses its still outlawed in majority of states. In the United States‚ the Controlled Substance Act classifies marijuana as a schedule I controlled substance. Schedule I drugs have a higher risk for abuse.
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unknown ------------------------ Volume of unknown 6.5mL 8.71mL 7.89mL ------------------------ Density of unknown Table 3: Accepted Values for Density of Various Liquids LIQUID DENSITY (g/mL) at 20˚C Ethanol 0.789 Isopropyl Alcohol 0.786 Methanol 0.791 Mineral oil 0.830 Hydrogen Peroxide 1.110 Glycerin 1.261 V. Graphs VI. Sample Calculation D= M÷V = 4.8g ÷ 5.1mL = .94 g/ml VII. Discussion/Conclusion In this lab‚ we calculated the mass of water and an unknown liquid. After finding
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ε(λ)dλ (6) λ02 Method II: Influence of Dielectric Constants on the Spectral Behavior of Pinacyanol This experiment observed the spectral behavior of Pinacyanol in a methanol- water mixture. The main focus of the lab was to observe to the influence of the
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Smaller TLC plates can be coated by using smaller glass plates (microscope slides) and placing two of them back to back. The two slides are dipped into the silica (or other) slurry‚ pulled out‚ separated and dried. If a small beaker is used and methanol instead of water is used for the slurry‚ then the silica gel slurry can be saved and used again. Binders and TLC: It is important that anyone making TLC
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