IGCSE Complete Chemistry Notes Unit 1: States of matter Everything is made of particles. Particles in solid are not free to move around. Liquids and gases can. As particles move they collide with each other and bounce off in all directions. This is called random motion. In 2 substances‚ when mixed‚ particles bounce off in all directions when they collide. This mixing process is called diffusion. It’s also the movement of particles without a force. The smallest particle
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Ruthenium is the 44th element on the periodic table of the elements. Ruthenium was named after the Latin name for Russia‚ Ruthenia. It is a very rare‚ silvery‚ and shiny transition metal found in South America‚ North America‚ and South Africa. Ruthenium was found in 1844 by Karl Karlovich Klaus. In 1808‚ a Polish chemist named Jedrzej Sniadecki found an element he called vestium in platinum ores from South America. When French chemists tried to repeat his work‚ however‚ they did not find it in the
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elements through tests and then being able to organize the metals‚ nonmetals‚ and semimetals on the periodic table. The purpose of this lab was achieved. As a class we were able to take the elements and then test them to find out their individual properties. We were then able to distinguish if the element was a metal or nonmetal based on the property’s we found. We then placed the elements on our own periodic table sorted by atomic order. One metal that I tested was magnesium. I observed that this element’s
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Probes and catheters Catheters‚ drains Biomaterials can be classified from the point of view of the problem area that is to be solved (Table 1)‚ the body on a tissue level‚ an organ level (Table 2)‚ or a system level (Table 3). Also classified as metals‚ polymers‚ ceramics and composites (Table 4). Table 2 Biomaterials in Organs Organ Examples Heart Lung Eye Ear Bone Kidney Bladder Cardiac pacemaker‚ artificial heart valve Oxygenator machine Contact
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chemical change. (5 points) Score 2. For each metal that participated in a chemical change‚ write the type of metal it is‚ based on your examination of the periodic table. Answer: Ammouniam Vandrate had a chemical change but it turned out to be a transition metal‚ no other metal. The sulfates had more transition atoms going through the chemical‚ more than an original transition atom normally. Doing this showed me also that iron nitrate is an transition metal as well‚ same with the cobalt‚ copper‚ and
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characteristic of particular metallic ions in a flame test and use their characteristic color to identify other elements. Another purpose is to understand how fireworks work. This experiment will help one understand how a flame test is performed and that every metal has a unique bright line spectra. This means a bright line spectra can be used to identify any element. This information can be used to identify elements in space to tell whether a planet has oxygen on it or not. If one can tell if a planet has oxygen
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of different kinds of metal. We used pennies made out of different metals to determine this. After we gather the data‚ it’ll be used to determine the metal used. Hypothesis: In the lab‚ I expect that the pennies before 1982 would be heavier than those that are after 1983 because the metal was initially changed because the earlier pennies cost more to make. So I think that since the heavier metal was more expensive to make‚ then they just used a cheaper metal. So if the metal was heavier it may have
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discussed in this data report include: Machining centres Single/multistation transfer machines Lathes for removing metal Metal drilling machines Metal milling and boring machines Metal tapping and threading machines Metal grinding machines Metal sharpening machines Metal lapping and honing machines Other metal finishing machine tools Metal slotting and shaping machines Metal broaching machines The report helps answering the following questions: - What is the current size of the metalworking
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Failure Due to Aging 2. The main causes for the structural failure of an aircraft due to aging are briefly discussed as following. (a) Metallic Corrosion. The deterioration of the surface of a metal due to a chemical reaction is called metallic corrosion. This occurs because metals come in contact with electrolyte mostly contaminated water. As it arises‚ it may go undetected and result in loss of integrity of metallic structures. Since metallic corrosion is directly related to structural
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this element I thought it was some type of gas but it can turn it to a liquid at a certain type of liquid. But is actually a very shiny type of metal. Rubidium was discovered by Kirchoff and Bunsen in 1861 through the use of a spectroscope. Rubidium metal can be made by minimizing rubidium chloride with calcium with other substances. The cost of this metal in small quantities is approximately 25 U.S. dollars a gram. This element is obtained in the earths crust which is very useful to people. It is
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