with human temperament types. There are 3 Types of Somatotypes: 1. Ectomorphic: characterized by long and thin muscles/limbs and low fat storage; usually referred to as slim. Ectomorphs are not predisposed to store fat nor build muscle. 2. Mesomorphic: characterized by medium bones‚ solid torso‚ low fat levels and wide shoulders with a narrow waist; usually referred to as muscular. Mesomorphs are predisposed to build muscle but not store fat. 3. Endomorphic: characterized by increased fat storage
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Crime and its effects on society (P3 P4 M1) Theory 1 Bandura the Social Learning Theory The Social Learning Theory says that people can learn by watching other people perform the behaviour. Observational learning explains the nature of children to learn behaviours by watching the behaviour of the people around them‚ and eventually‚ imitating them. With the "Bobo Doll" experiment‚ Bandura included an adult who is tasked to act aggressively toward a Bobo Doll while the children observe him. Later
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In athletics‚ somatotypes can cover a wide spectrum and no one person has the exact same physique as someone else. There are three different types of body components according to The Sheldon method which are Endomophy‚ Mesomorphy‚ and Ectomorphy. Endomorphy being the physique that is soft and round in contour‚ suggestive of a tendency towards fatness and obesity. Mesomorphy describes a physique that is well-defined muscularity and balanced body proportions. Ectomorphy is a physique that is the leanest
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Multiple Choice Questions 231. Becoming a better coach means: A. Reading more about the psychology of coaching B. Talking to and mentoring under successful coaches C. Improving your communication skills D. All of the above 232. The best trainers have the ability to: A. Understand‚ practice and coach their area of specialization B. Differentiate between theoretical knowledge and practical strategies C. Help clients set realistic goals and timelines for goal achievement D. All of the above 233. The
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Postural Faults The word posture originates from the Latin word ‘ponere’‚ meaning ‘out of place’. Your posture will be determined on how you stand‚ and the position of limbs and the shape of your spine. Good posture can help with respiration and circulation. Most people’s postures aren’t perfect‚ but there are some extreme cases which are referred to as postural faults. Lordosis is used to describe an inward curve or arch to the lumbar and cervical columns of the vertebrae. A major factor of
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criminal was determined by someone’s body type‚ he believed there were three body types‚ endomorph: short and fat‚ ectomorph: skinny and frail and mesomorph: heavy and muscular. He found that 60% of delinquents and 31% of non- delinquents were mesomorphic. Free Will The belief that humans are rational and have the ability to make decisions for themselves. People can understand the difference between right and wrong and therefore chose to either commit crime or to follow the law. Beccaria (1764)
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Two different explanations that explains criminal behaviour is due to social factors or appearance. The first difference which explains criminal behaviour is a cultural explanation known as social learning theory‚ which consist of operant conditioning‚ classical conditioning‚ social learning theory and sociological learning theory. The theories propose a person’s behaviour is learned and maintained by its consequences‚ or reward value. These consequences may be external reinforcement such as money
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Deviant Behavior and Social Control Deviance is only considered to be deviance when the actions go against what are considered the norms of the group. Is a group of cannibals in the South American jungle eating fellow human beings considered deviant behavior? Is kissing your loved one in a public place to show affection considered deviant behavior? What about a person laying down a small rug and praying wherever they are at certain times throughout the day. There is no definite
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1940s‚ Sheldon and Stevens found that ectomorphic individuals were perceived negatively by others as nervous‚ submissive‚ and socially withdrawn. By the late 1980s‚ however‚ this perception had changed. Compared to individuals with endomorphic and mesomorphic body types‚ ectomorphic individuals were rated most positively and considered to be the most sexually appealing (Spillman & Everington‚ 1989). The emergence of the slender body type as a beauty standard for women is especially salient in the
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Introduction to Criminology Theory Helps us understand situations‚ feelings‚ human behaviour and human interactions. Thought of as totally speculative Social scientists observe a phenomenon and draw out what is happening‚ give it meaning Social science gives meaning to our lives and allows to predict possible future outcomes A way to reduce crime record is to de-criminalise certain things Assumptions prejudices Theories Theories are tested generalisations and not always ‘true’ No
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