neck‚ flattened nose‚ single crease in the palm of the hand‚ small ears‚ small mouth‚ upward slanting eyes‚ wide‚ short hands with short fingers‚ white spots on the colored part of the eye. The condition is often associated with some level of mental retardation or learning disabilities. These individuals are also slower to develop social and practical skills‚ but not all at the same rate. Most of the time language skills may be slow to develop as well as adaptive thinking that helps people function
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played in FAS? 1. Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) Explained Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a lifelong‚ most common non-genetic yet preventable set of physical‚ mental and neurobehavioral birth defects associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy and is the leading known cause of mental retardation and birth defects. (Stratton‚ K.‚ Howe‚ C.‚ & Battaglia‚ F.‚ 2004) The South African National Council on Alcoholism defines FAS as a term used to describe children who have
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as the focus of this paper are the mentally retarded or intellectually disabled. According to the tenth revision of the WHO (world health Organization): intellectual disability (ID) is a disorder defined by the presence of incomplete or arrested mental development‚ principally characterized by the deterioration of concrete functions at each stage of development and that contribute to the overall level of intelligence‚ such as cognitive‚ language‚ motor‚ and socialization functions; in this anomaly
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anger/upset to confused distress. Penn’s Sam appeared to be a composite of many different aspects of mental retardation blended into one character. He was believable and did not take his representation overtly overboard. In the film are two actors who in real life have developmental disabilities: Brad Silverman and Joseph Rosenberg. Silverman has Down syndrome and Rosenberg has an undefined mental retardation. They both acted their roles but within their acting their personal handicaps were displayed.
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Fragile X syndrome‚ also called Martin-Bell syndrome‚ is a syndrome of X-linked mental retardation. In 1943‚ Martine and Bell described a pedigree of X-linked mental disability. Chris and Weesam were first to sight an unusual “maker X chromosome” with mental disability in 1969. It is also the most common known cause of autism. Autism is a brain development disorder that impairs social interaction and communication. It can also cause restricted and repetitive behavior. It all starts before
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Bell discovered that a specific form of mental retardation was X-linked. Both go on to describe a pedigree of X-linked mental disability. (Martin & Bell‚ 1943). Fragile X Syndrome has not been around for that long‚ actually less than eighty years. Later in 1969‚ Herbert Lubs a doctor developed the chromosomal test for Fragile X chromosome. Lubs accomplished this chromosomal test by first noticing an unusual "marker X chromosome" in association with mental disability. The chromosomal test was not
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causes autism and mental retardation among boys. Some symptoms of FXS are severe intellectual disabilities as well as physical symptoms such as a larger than usual face‚ large ears‚ large testicles and behavioral characteristics such as stereotypic movements and social anxiety. Fragile X syndrome is associated with the CGG trinucleotide expanding affecting the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene on the X chromosome‚ resulting in a failure to express the fragile X mental retardation protein which is
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Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities defined intellectual disability as being a person that has certain limitations in mental functioning and in skills such as communicating‚ taking care of one’s self‚ and social skills. Also‚ all of these limitations and more cause a person to learn and develop slower than any typical child. Autism is defined as a mental condition‚ present from early childhood‚ characterized by great difficulty in communicating and forming relationships. It also is a
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ecological conditions on the one hand and mental retardation on the other. His interests in mental retardation led to books such as The Cloak of Competence‚ which will be analyzed in this paper and Lives in Process. His ecological interests produced The Individual in Cultural Adaptation‚ followed by Rules‚ Exceptions and Social Order. He then turned his attention to studies of deviant behavior (Alone Together) and mental illness (Changing Perspectives in Mental Illness with S. Plog). In recent years
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with intellectual disability should have the same opportunities and have the same human rights as mainstream society (Nijre B 1969). In the 1970s‚ it was further developed by Wolf Wolfensberger through his work with the National Institute on Mental Retardation. Normalisation impacted greatly on the way services were operated and streamlined for people with intellectual disabilities throughout UK and Europe. It took the emphasis off the disability being viewed as a medical problem and focussed on
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