about nutrient absorption by the intestinal mucosal cells is true? a. Carbohydrates are absorbed as disaccharides. b. Fats are absorbed as fatty acids and monoglycerides. c. Amino acids move across the plasma membrane only by diffusion. d. Bile transports fats across the plasma membrane. e. Most nutrients are absorbed in the duodenum. 4. Microbial fermentation in the gut of a cow a. produces fatty acids as a major nutrient for the cow. b. occurs in specialized regions of the small intestine
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The body maintains homeostasis by the feedback inhibition‚ in which a stimulus produces a response that opposes the original stimulus. 3. The axon terminal is the nerve ending. The nodes speed up the message. The myelin sheath is an insulating membrane. The axon carries impulses away from the cell body. The cell body is the largest part of a typical neuron. The dendrites carry impulses from the environment or from other neurons toward the cell body. The nucleus is the control center of the cell
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energy Diversity of animals…more than 1 million species on earth Unifying themes that apply to all physiological processes Physiological Processes Chemical & Physical Laws Rooted in the laws of physics & chemistry Nerve conduction‚ action potentials & ionic currents Gas exchange Animal locomotion and blood flow Muscle contraction and limb movement Anabolic and catabolic metabolism What is Animal Physiology? (continued) Animal Physiology includes behavior‚ ecology‚ anatomy‚ evolution
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surrounded by double membranes? Golgi apparatus lysosome mitochondrion nucleus cytoplasm A ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ B ✓ ✗ ✗ ✗ ✗ C ✗ ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ D ✗ ✓ ✗ ✗ ✓ 3 In which animal cells would Golgi apparatus be most abundant? A ciliated epithelial cells B goblet cells C red blood cells D smooth muscle cells 5 Which is a feature of all prokaryotic cells? A absence of cell surface membrane B division by mitosis C presence of mitochondria D presence of ribosomes 6 The diagram shows a cell surface membrane. The lipid
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Organelle: Plasma membrane Structure: The plasma membrane has many proteins inbedded in it and is made up of two layers of phosphilipids. The structure is phospho liquid bilayer and it froms a barrier between two aqueous compartments. Function: The plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells is responsible for controlling what goes in and out of the cell. Series of proteins stuck in the membrane help the cell to communicate with the surrounding environment it’s in. This communication can include sending
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water through a cell membrane. 4. Define Turgor pressure ( also known as osmotic pressure). The pressure that would have to be applied to a pure solvent to prevent it from passing into a given solution by osmosis‚ often used to express the concentration of the solution 5. What occurs when plasmolysis takes place? The cells shrink and shiver. 6. Define the terms endocytosis and exocytosis . * Endocytosis: the taking in of matter by a living cell by its membrane to form a vacuole
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of water across a membrane. Diffusion occurs when certain substance‚ such as an ion‚ is more concentrated on one side of membrane. If the membrane allows this ion through‚ the ions will move from the more concentrated side to the less concentrated side until reaching equilibrium. A cell’s tonicity indicates in which direction is the net flow of water and is based on the ionic content of the cell. A cell which is isotonic has an ionic concentration identical inside the membrane and out. Since the
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has stopped‚ what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by the loss of oxygen‚ blood glucose‚ and waste removal? Without the heart pumping the oxygen and blood glucose won’t reach the vital organs of the body that need them for sustenance. Eventually without the ability to produce ATP the body’s cells will die. C. Which intracellular organelles have membranes as part of their structure? How would the breakdown of the membranes of these structures affect the function
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Positive feedback - The response enhances the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated Chapter 2 Chemistry comes Alive Matter: anything that takes up space and mass Energy: capacity to do work or put matter into motion Potential (stored energy) Kinetic ( active and working energy) Elements: substances that cannot be decomposed into smaller substances Atoms: made of protons‚ neutrons and electrons
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a cell membrane like humans do inside and outside of the body that let things pass through like water. We can use eggs to study the effect of changes in the external environment on the internal environment by having harsh environments like putting the egg in only alcohol and see what happens to the inside of the egg. Diffusion is the movement of a substance down its concentration gradient from a more to a less concentrated area. Meaning if there was more oxygen on one side of the membrane and the
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