Tutorial 1 1. pK = 3.4 DH = ASA Plasma pH = 7.3 Stomach pH = 1.5 = 10pH – pK = 10pH – pK = 107.3 – 3.4 = 101.5 – 3.4 = 7943.2823 = 0.01259 [Total Drug] = [D-] + [DH] [Total Drug] = [D-] + [DH] = 7943.2823 + 1 = 0.0126 + 1 = 7944.2823 = 1.0126 [Total Drug] in stomach relative to plasma = 7944.2823/1.0126 = 7845.43 Conclusion: High absorption of ASA from the stomach lumen. Absorption from stomach is 7845.43 times
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context of immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms. It is the scientific framework for classifying drug substances based on their aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability. It is a drug development tool that allows estimation of the contributions of three major factors‚ dissolution‚ solubility and intestinal permeability that affect oral drug absorption from immediate release solid oral dosage forms. The interest in this classification system is largely because of its application in early
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interstitium‚ and microvascular endothelium)‚ which occurs in three phases; acute or exudative phase‚ resolution phase and fibrotic phase [8‚9]. 1. Acute or exudative phase (<72h)‚ which characterized by a disruption of the alveolar capillary membrane leading to leakage of protein rich fluid into the interstitium and alveolar space‚ and extended release of cytokines and neutrophil infiltration of the alveolar space (Figure 1) [8‚18]. Pathogenesis of acute phase associates with a variety of cellular
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BRIEF INTRODUCTION: Beetroot cells contain a red pigment stored in the cell vacuole in the membrane to prevent leaking out from the cell. In this experiment we used several solvents to calculate which one made the cell release more pigment. RESULTS: A table showing the results of the intensity of the color and the absorbance of the liquids with the different solvents. Solvent Results from colorimeter 0.001 Acid (Hydrochloric) 0.358 Ethanol 0.132 Hot water 0.984 Cold water-distilled
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is the molecular weight of Na+? 22.99 or 23 2. What is the molecular weight of Cl-? 35.45 3. Which MWCO dialysis membranes allowed both of these ions through?50‚100‚ 200 4. Which materials diffused from the left beaker to the right beaker? Urea‚ NaCl and glucose diffused 5. Which did not? Why? Albumin was too large to diffuse into the right beaker. Activity 2: Simulating Dialysis 6. What happens to the urea concentration in the left beaker (the patient)? Its concentration gradient changes
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out and from outside of the cell inwards across a membrane. Movement of substances also occurs inside the cell and is part of many of the processes that occur inside cells in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells as well as animal and plant cells. The movement of substances may occur across a semi-permeable membrane such as the phospholipid bilayer membrane on the outside of a cell in the digestive tract of an animal. A semi-permeable membrane allows some substances to pass through‚ but not others
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the cell membrane‚ and some water does. "But the very rapid movement of water through some cells was not explained by this theory‚" said Agre. Aquaporins selectively conduct water molecules in and out of the cell‚ while preventing the passage of ions and other solutes. Also known as water channels‚ aquaporins are integral membrane pore proteins. Some of them‚ known as aquaglyceroporins‚ also transport other small uncharged solutes‚ such as glycerol‚ CO2‚ ammonia and urea across the membrane‚ depending
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Elena Mesa Nov. 15‚ 2013 Ms. Lelacheur IB Biology HL The Effect of Temperature on Beet Root Membranes What is the affect of temperature on beetroot membranes? Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that as the temperature increases‚ the deeper red the beetroot water will be. At higher temperatures the proteins in the beetroot plasma membrane will denature‚ leaving holes in the membrane and allowing the red pigment in the cell sap to seep out into the water around it. Variables: Dependent-The
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Tuesday 2:00-4:50 22 OCTOBER 2012 Membrane Permeability Decreases as Molecular Size Increases Introduction: Red blood cells are vital to organisms functioning properly. They are microscopic cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to all the tissues throughout the body. Upon transporting oxygen‚ red blood cells also exports waste‚ such as carbon dioxide‚ to the lungs where it can be expelled. Red blood cells are made up of hemoglobin which is surrounded by a cell membrane (Barrilleaux 2012). Organisms
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to different molecules. This type of selectively is caused by a semi-permeable membrane‚ which allows the movement of certain molecules across it. Water exchange can be measured in two ways: RBC osmotic permeability is measured‚ and diffusional water permeability is measured (Benga and Borza 1995). Diffusion is the movement of high concentration to low concentration. The diffusion of water across a permeable membrane is called osmosis. Water concentration in red blood cells can cause three different
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