Signal Molecule Carries information throughout the body and to other cells. Ion Channel A large protein in the cell membrane that transports a specific ion. Enzyme Action Speeds up chemical reactions in the cell Beta Blocker A drug that interferes with the binding of signal molecules to receptor proteins and heart muscles. Changes in permeability Occur when a receptor protein is coupled with an ion channel. Functions of receptor proteins The signal molecule binds to
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Five separate dialysis tubes were filled with 10 mL each of tap water‚ 20% sucrose solution‚ 40% sucrose solution‚ 60% sucrose solution and another tap water. The first four bags were then added to 200 mL beakers filled with water. The last dialysis tube was added to a 200 mL beaker of 60% sucrose solution. Over the course of an hour‚ each bag was periodically dried and then weighed
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and defects in membrane permeability. Cells are unable to properly function if they lack certain important cell factors. ATP depletion A cell needs mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate in order to function properly which is why when a cell is injured or dying‚ a common theme seen is lost or decreased ATP. ATP loss or a deduction in ATP synthetization is likely to cause many other problems such as swelling of the cell‚ a deduction in the making of proteins‚ error in normal membrane transporting. These
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of proteins such as membrane receptors or ion channels. Ischemia will cause the dissociation of the cytoskeleton due to increase the intracellular concentrations of Ca+2 during ischemia which activate multiple phosphorylases and proteases that dissociate the cytoskeleton‚ thereby eliminating the functions that depend on its integrity‚ such as phagocytosis‚ exocytosis‚ myofilament contraction and intercellular communication(Gourdin et al.‚2013).
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Cell injury In this topic we are going to cover Cell injury Causes of cell injury Mechanism of cell injury Morphologic alterations in cell injury Morphologic types of necrosis Objectives Describe cell injury List the causes of cell injury Discuss how depletion of ATP causes cell injury Describe how mitochondrial damage cause cell injury Explain the mechanism of cell injury by free radicals Discuss how calcium ion influx cause cell injury Cell injury cell injury results when cells
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experiment diffusion and osmosis is the main idea. When using diffusion and osmosis you are trying to separate different solute concentrations on either side of the membrane. Only a solute’s relative concentration‚ or water potential‚ affects the rate of osmosis. The higher the concentration of solutes‚ the faster water will flow through the membrane to equalize the concentration. The way we describe the movement from higher to lower concentration or lower to higher concentration is called hypotonic solution
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shows that we accept the null hypothesis for weight change because weight is not impacted by temperature. The statistical test used results that did not show that the lipid bilayer portion of the membrane of living cells is not permeable like the dialysis membrane used in the lab. The dialysis membrane used in the lab is permeable to small ions like Na+ and Clˉ. The experiment was also performed in a “closed system” which is not reflected in the statistical test. The results of the statistical test
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“MEMPOT”© – Computer Simulation of Membrane Potential Measurements INTRODUCTION “MEMPOT”© is an interactive graphical simulation program that is designed to show how cell membrane potentials are measured with microelectrodes in the laboratory situation. The simulation shows how the membrane potential depends on the external potassium‚ [K+]o and external sodium‚ [Na+]o concentrations and the relative permeability of the membrane to these ions. The program simulates membrane potential measurements in any
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why increasing extracellular K+ causes the membrane potential to change to a less negative value. How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: If extracellular K+ is increased then the intracellular K+ will decrease. Fewer intracellular K+ ions would result in the membrane potential being less negative. This is what I predicted to happen. 3. Explain why a change in extracellular Na+ did not significantly alter the membrane potential in the resting neuron? Your answer:
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Water Treatment Mid-Term 1) Total Cell Volume (TCV) is an indirect measure of the: a. Blood Leak b. Contamination of the dialyzer c. Performance of the dialyzer d. Residual chemicals 2) The organization that sets the standards for dialysis water quality is called: a. AAMI b. JCAHO c. KDOQI d. USRDS 3) Total chlorine levels in the water are tested: a. at the end of the day b. at the beginning and the end of the day c. before each patients shift or every four hours
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