Cost Management or Cost Control In broad sense‚ both the terms have the same meaning. Yet cost management seems to connote broader perspective. Cost control to an un-initiated may mean cutting down the incurrence of cost or expenditure every time or in every situation. In reality it is not always so. In many specific situations‚ many times‚ one has to spend or incur cost in order to gain or make more money. It is in fact like an investment. Cost management sounds better then. Profits Making
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Artikel: A conceptual framework for the design of organizational control mechanisms Problem: When a team of individuals produce a single output the problem arises on how to contribute the reward so that every individual is equally rewarded. This article examines three different mechanisms to deal with this issue: 1. Markets Markets deals with the control problem through precise measurement and reward of individual contributions. 2. Bureaucrats Bureaucrats rely on a mixture of close
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Self-control is the ability to control one’s emotions‚ behavior‚ and desires in order to obtain some reward‚ or avoid some punishment. Presumably‚ some reward or punishment is operating in the short term which precludes‚ or reduces‚ the later reward or punishment. In psychology it is sometimes called self-regulation. In behavior analysis Another view is that self-control represents the locus of two conflicting contingencies of reinforcement‚ which then make a controlling response reinforcing
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What Are the Factors That Affect Inventory? Often it is said that by avoiding process‚ design‚ operational and management problems‚ inventory can be avoided but it is not always so. These are some basic reasons for the growth of inventory which is not at all desirable by any firm. But there are many more factors which can lead to the growth of inventory and they need to be dealt with to avoid losses in the future. Some factors have long term impact on inventories so it is imperative to recognize
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What is internal control and why is it important The American Institute of Accountants first defined the term internal control in 1949‚ followed by further clarifications in 1958 and 1972. In 1977 publicly held companies came under legislation to adequately implement controls to protect their financial information. A report by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations in 1992 and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are more recent documents defining internal controls.( Bishop‚ 1991‚p.117-123; Colbert
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Functions of Management Your Name Class Info Instructor Info Date The Functions of Management There are four key components involved in effective management. The components are planning‚ organizing‚ leading and controlling. Managers will be faced with multiple roles in their jobs; the roles they play are categorized as interpersonal roles‚ informational roles and decisional roles. Interpersonal roles are multifaceted and are geared at the accomplishment of tasks through the efforts of others. Among
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the business by the McDonald brothers‚ Richard and Maurice‚ themselves‚ the company underwent issues pertaining to health – campaigns against the overall fastfood industry occurred‚ launched by public interests groups‚ environmentalists‚ and consumer advocates. Apart from that‚ McDonald’s as a company suffered when franchisees demanded rights for such things as less control over store operations. Earlier‚ union rights were setup in different McDonald’s locations‚ and John Cooke‚ a labor management consultant
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manufacturers‚ such as IBM and HP‚ designed and built their products with preconfigured options based on market forecasts. PC Manufacturers controlled the upstream part of the value chain‚ giving the downstream part of middlemen. Two trends in the early 1980’s allowed Michael Dell reengineer the PC industry value chain‚ first corporate customers were becoming increasingly sophiscated and therefore did not require intense personal selling by salespeople. Second the different components of a PC became standard
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CHAPTER – 7 Control and Coordination Living organisms respond and react to various stimuli like heat‚ light‚ cold‚ touch‚ pressure etc. Plants and animals both respond to stimuli but in different manner. Example : withdrawl of hand on touching a hot object. Control and Coordination in Animals It is brought about in all animals with the help of two main systems a) Nervous System b) Endocrine System Nervous System : Functions i) To receive the information from environment
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Management Control System is a process of successful implementation of Strategy. It mainly focuses on effective and efficient use of available resources in the organization’s objectives. “MAHABHARATA”‚ the greatest epic of all time teaches us how the meticulous implementation of our learning on Management Control Systems (MCS) helped “PANDAVAS” to win the war over “KAURAVAS” in just 18 days. BACKGROUND:- * “KAURAVAS” were a congregation of big family structure of 100 brothers and close family
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