act on visceral organs of the body‚ whereas somatic reflexes involve skeletal muscle stimulation. Both types of reflexes are put into effect via the nervous system. (1) The Patellar reflex‚ or Knee-Jerk reflex‚ is used to test the nervous tissue in the spinal cord from L2-L4. The patellar reflex is known as a “reflex arc”. It is a negative feedback circuit that is made of three components. The first is a sensory‚ or afferent neuron which takes in information from a sensory stimulus‚ and translates
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trypanosome parasite. The vector-borne parasite is transmitted through the bite of tsetse fly when animals and humans become in contact with the fly. The single celled protozoa have complex life cycle spent partly in the tsetse fly and partly in the mammalian bloodstream. Human African trypanosomiasis is responsible for infecting and attacking more than 10‚000 people each year and kills hundreds of thousands of domesticated animals and prevents livestock production in many areas of Africa. About 500
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Primitive reflexes and genetic sub-programs 1. Reflex responses to light touch: Light touch produces a variety of reflex responses‚ depending upon the area stimulated and the age of the individual. The motor responses are most marked in the early months of life. Grasp reflex (palmar and plantar): Light touch of the palm or sole produces reflex flexion of the fingers or toes. The most effective way to elicit the reflex is to slide the stimulating object‚ such as a finger
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Infant Reflexes Rooting Reflex Rooting reflex is present at birth and assists in breastfeeding. However‚ this reflex will disappear at around four months. An infant will turn his head toward anything that touches his cheeks or mouth. He will search for the objects by turning his head and opening his mouth to follow the ‘root’. This reflex helps the infant search for the breast or bottle to start feeding. Moro Reflex The Moro reflex is present at birth and disappears in about two months of
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22: Human Reflex Physiology Chap 23: General Sensation Chap 22: Reflex Physiology Reflex Arc: mediated by neural paths (connections of neurons) to yield rapid involuntary muscle response to stimuli Two main groups of reflexes: 1) Autonomic: mediated thru autonomic nervous sys (smooth muscles in digestion‚ glands in sweating) 2) Somatic: involve sensory stimulation that causes skeletal muscles to react (withdrawal reflex from pain) 1 1/3/2013 Components of Reflex Arc 1. Receptor:
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1. Describe I/R injury in your own words I/R injury is when tissue is damaged due to lack of oxygen. 2. Describe mammalian hibernation‚ making sure to include specifics on body temperature drops‚ metabolic rates‚ and respiratory rates. Mammalian hibernation is a process the body undergoes when trying to protect against extreme weathers and to help conserve energy for a few weeks or an extended period of time while a food source is scarce. Hibernation is a state where metabolic rate is low or
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stimulus is called a reflex. This action is controlled by the human nervous system and is considered an involuntary response – it happens without our even having to think about it. On the other hand‚ voluntary responses occur when we have to think to react. It is possible to stop a reflex reaction‚ but it would take a lot of voluntary control. A good example of a reflex is the “knee-jerk” response the doctor tests during a physical examination. In a healthy person‚ this stretch reflex maintains posture
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reflexes that babies are born with are root reflex‚ suck reflex‚ moro reflex and grasping reflex and each of them has a function in infants. • Root Reflex This reflex begins when an infant’s cheek is rubbed or the side of the mouth is touched. In response‚ the baby turns his or her head and open his or her mouth to follow and root in the direction of the stroking. Also‚ the infant begins to make sucking movements with his or her mouth. Therefore‚ this reflex plays an important role as it is the most
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provide a laundry list of games we should buy. Instead‚ he tackles questions which most reviewers tend to overlook‚ such as how a game makes us feel while playing it‚ and how those feelings mesh or clash with the gameplay themes. From the get-go‚ Tom dives right into his first extra life - playing Fallout 3. He and I shared the same fascination with minute details that typically get overlooked in most video game reviews‚ and sometimes by video gamers themselves. He was amazed at the way the high-noon
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and Moro reflexes and most if not all new-borns have them. Rooting reflex is when you touch the baby’s cheek and their head will move in that direction‚ their mouths opened wide‚ this ensures successful breast feasting. They do this‚ hungry or not as a reflex. The rooting reflex is strong for the first 3-4 months‚ but normally disappears by their first birthday. The grasping reflex‚ sometimes called the palmers grasping reflex‚ is when your baby with grasp onto your finger‚ hair and jewellery for
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