such as mice or rats‚ are used for analgesic tests‚ but in some instances experiments in higher animals such as monkeys are necessary. Several methods are available for testing central analgesic activity‚ such as • HAFFNER’s tail clip method in mice‚ • tail flick or other radiant heat methods‚ • tail immersion tests‚ • hot plate methods in mice or rats‚ • electrical stimulation (grid shock‚ stimulation of tooth pulp or tail)‚ • monkey shock titration‚ • formalin test in rats. H.1.2.2 HAFFNER’s
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Apology to Australia’s Indigenous peoples Summary Prime Minister Kevin Rudd starts the speech with a few honorable words about the Indigenous peoples of Australia and that Australia reflects on their past mistreatment‚ especially the Stolen Generation. Rudd says that it is now time to righting the wrongs and move forward. Australia apologize for the successive governments that have continued with the laws and policies about the aboriginals and that they especially are sorry for the removal of the
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VIII. English Language Arts‚ Grade 10 A. Composition B. Reading Comprehension Grade 10 English Language Arts Test Test Structure The grade 10 English Language Arts test was presented in the following two parts: ■ the ELA Composition test‚ which used a writing prompt to assess learning standards from the Massachusetts English Language Arts Curriculum Framework’s Composition strand ■ the ELA Reading Comprehension test‚ which used multiple-choice and open-response questions (items) to assess
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Positive Reinforcement - Beginnings of the Rat & Food Experiment In an experiment with a rat using food as a reward: The rat was placed in a box Over the course of a few days‚ food was occasionally delivered through an automatic dispenser Before long‚ the rat approached the food tray as soon as the sound of the dispenser was heard‚ clearly anticipating the arrival of more food The Rat Experiment and Negative Reinforcement Skinner again experimented with rats to show how negative reinforcement can
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BOOK REVIEW HISTORY 104: UNITED STATES II Throughout history; people have always been in search for prosperous land and new beginnings. In the Norwegian areas‚ the quality of life had been decreasing over time due to the lack of jobs‚ the decrease in product worth‚ and the ongoing political battles. For low and middle class people‚ the scope of Norwegian lifestyles was looking dimmer and dimmer. As these people lost hope in their country‚ they began to search for a better opportunity; hearing about
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power flexed their muscles and confined the freedoms of the chiefs under their control. The Íslendingabok provided proof of this changing political environment. In the saga‚ Ketill Björnsson the Flatnose fled Norway to escape the tyranny of the Norwegian King‚ Harald Fairhair‚ authority‚ and power. With the freedoms of regional rulers stifled by kings like Harald Fairhair‚ Cnut‚ and Harald Hardrada‚ petty chieftains left their homes in an effort to gain the independence they once held in the early
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relationship between birth order and intelligence. Rosenzweig‚ M. R.‚ Bennett‚ E. L.‚ & Diamond‚ M. C. (1972) In “MORE EXPERIENCE = BIGGER BRAIN? “ They separated 3 rats and put them in a normal cage. They took 1 more rat and put it in a very small cage with no toys and little food and water. At last they took the last 3 male rats and added them to a cage that was very large and had a lot of food and water and many toys to play
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health effects such as nasal irritation‚ throat and lung irritation‚ asthma and difficulty breathing‚ sneezing and wheezing‚ contact dermatitis‚ allergic dermatitis as well as burning eyes and conjunctivitis. In 1999 a 2 year inhalation study in rats and mice was published. Entire-body inhalation toxicology and carcinogenicity studies were performed with glutaraldehyde. During the course of the study‚ groups of 50 male and
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iPhone 4 Technical Specifications Size and weight1 Height: 4.5 inches (115.2 mm) Width: 2.31 inches (58.6 mm) Depth: 0.37 inch (9.3 mm) Weight: 4.8 ounces (137 grams) Cellular and wireless * GSM model: UMTS/HSDPA/HSUPA (850‚ 900‚ 1900‚ 2100 MHz); GSM/EDGE (850‚ 900‚ 1800‚ 1900 MHz) * CDMA model: CDMA EV-DO Rev. A (800‚ 1900 MHz) * 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi (802.11n 2.4GHz only) * Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR wireless technology Location * Assisted GPS * Digital compass
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1.0 Background Information of Companies 1.1 Digi.com Berhad Digi was established in 1995 which is a company that launched digital cellular network in Malaysia. Before the company change to “Digi” is known as Mutiara Swisscom. Because of the strategic alliance with Telenor international‚ the company change name to Digi. Digi also is the first operator in Asia that become part of international roaming platform and commercially launches the use of dual-band mobile phone. In 1999 the company has lunched
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