everyone country has to take care of : Keep inflation under control Inflation creates uncertainty and results in the fall in the value of money in terms of goods and services. Inflation also creates uncertainty. Therefore‚ the governments use macroeconomic policy instruments to keep inflation under control. Maintain a high level of employment High unemployment is bad for the economy. Unemployment means resources are not being utilized properly. Therefore governments take measures to increase
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profitability. Drawing on current business publications‚ find some updated facts for each case that support this theme. In the Farnham text‚ “both the cases of McDonald’s in China and Wal-Mart in Mexico show how the interplay of microeconomic and macroeconomic factors influences managers’ competitive strategies. For both of these companies‚ expansion abroad was a strategic move that helped offset slowing growth in the United States. However‚ both cases show how the companies had to understand consumer
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INTRODUCTION Brazil is the largest country in the South American continent‚ and it is amongst the 12 largest economies of the world. It possesses vast natural resources and offers remarkable ecological diversity‚ majority of its 192 million inhabitants now live in urban areas (Griffiths‚ A and Wall‚ S. p 609). The country also possesses a diversified industrial and agricultural sector and In 2001‚ the contribution of the agricultural sector to GDP was 9.3%‚ while that for industry and services
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Discuss the causes and effects of Economic Growth Economic Growth Before discussing the causes and effects of economic growth‚ I will define what economic growth actually is and distinguish between the two types of growth in the economy; actual and potential. On the whole‚ economic growth may be defined as ‘a long-run increase in an economy’s productive capacity and trend output’. The long-run output growth trend an economy achieves is indicated by the path of trend Gross Domestic Profit
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South Asia Economic Journal http://sae.sagepub.com/ Oil Prices and Economic Activity in Pakistan Afia Malik South Asia Economic Journal 2010 11: 223 DOI: 10.1177/139156141001100204 The online version of this article can be found at: http://sae.sagepub.com/content/11/2/223 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for South Asia Economic Journal can be found at: Email Alerts: http://sae.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://sae.sagepub.com/subscriptions
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Chap1: The National Economy I. THE SCOPE OF MACROECONOMICS the major macroeconomics issues Economic growth; governments try to achieve high rates of economic growth economies suffer from inherent instability. As a result‚ economic growth and other macroeconomic indicators tend to fluctuate. Rate of eco growth: the percentage increase on national output‚ normally expressed over a 12 month period. Unemployment waste of human resources‚ unemployment benefits are a drain on gov revenues
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(PhD-level) Advanced Macroeconomics General Management 6 Mandatory Elective Modules in Economics Study Points Applied Macroeconomics: Monetary and Fiscal Policy Labour Markets and Social Policy Advanced Labour Economics Current Issues in Macroeconomics Topics in Macroeconomics Advanced Macroeconomic Analysis I (PhD-level) Advanced Macroeconomic Analysis II (PhD-level) Current Research in Macroeconomics European Integration Quantitative Macroeconomics and Numerical Methods
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Navarro CMR fa05 10/21/05 7:06 PM Page 1 The Well-Timed Strategy: MANAGING THE BUSINESS CYCLE Peter Navarro S ome companies appear to exhibit considerable skill in managing the business cycle. For example‚ during the 2001 recession‚ Lowe’s employed an aggressive countercyclical capital expansion strategy to significantly outperform a cost-cutting and retrenching Home Depot. Dell countercyclically increased its advertising budget and gained market share from key rivals such
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and institutional reforms. Section 5 sketches operational implications. Subsequent chapters set out the facts about growth in more detail‚ and then examine the main areas in which economic and institutional reforms concentrated during the 1990s—macroeconomic stabilization‚ trade‚ financial sector‚ privatization and deregulation‚ modernization of the public sector‚ and political reforms. The chapters aim to draw lessons from gaps between expectations and outcomes. Most chapters are
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Research methods – 3301 Abstract The European sovereign debt crisis has left the confederation that makes up the European Monetary Union (EMU) in shambles. Portugal‚ Ireland‚ Italy‚ Greece‚ and Spain in particular have experienced recessions to a degree that no other EMU country has experienced‚ due largely to each of these countries tremendous amounts of government debt. Fiscal instability in the region forced the governments of these countries’ to implement harsh austerity measures. However
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