Swiss Reformation I. Political situation a. Multinational 1. West – French speaking -> Geneva 2. East – German speaking -> Zurich b. Decentralized Government 1. Semi-autonomous cantons (province or state) 2. Technically part of the HRE‚ but functions as an independent state c. Geography and language -> eastern Switzerland 1st affected by protestant reformation 1. Zurich -> Urich Zwingli a. More radical departure from RCC doctrine + ritual b. Marburg Colloquy (1529) – Martin
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an escape from controls of the Church It involved a much higher degree of regulation of behavior than that which was determined by Catholicism Protestantism adopts a stringent attitude towards relaxation and enjoyment- especially pronounced in Calvinism Therefore: must look at the specific character of Protestant beliefs if we are to account for connection between Protestantism an economic rationality Weber not the first to see the correlation between the capitalism and Protestantism. But usual
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(Engels) 5. Neo-Marxism and religion Gramsci‚ Maduro‚ Turner Religion as an initiator of change 6. Feminism and religion De Beauvoir‚ El Saadawi‚ Watson Religion as a conservative force 7. Weber and religion Historical study - Calvinism‚ Lutheranism Modern view - rationalisation Religion as a past initiator of change 8. Postmodernism and religion Lyon‚ Bauman 9. Religious fundamentalism Definitions‚ examples‚ links to secularisation 10. Religious participation By social
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reformation because new religious ideas were uprising in the public toward the Catholic Church‚ like Protestantism‚ Calvinism‚ and Lutheranism. This reformation was supposed to strengthen the Catholic Church and also keep the Protestant religion from spreading. Years later‚ the Protestant religion played a huge part in the Thirty Years’ War. The acceptance of the religion of Calvinism represents how religiously independent Europe was becoming. Several states benefited greatly after this war and the
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This set in motion events that would have great effect in future years. The Protestants established a religion called Protestantism and as a result of this many other factions were formed such as Calvinism‚ after John Calvin‚ Lutheranism‚ after Martin Luther and many more smaller religions were formed. Although the Reformation began in Germany it became such a worldwide movement in countries such as England‚ Spain and Italy which affected all those who lived there
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“Robinson Crusoe”. The book’s main character‚ named Robinson Crusoe‚ spends trapped on an island near Trinidad for twenty eight years‚ where he discovers his newly found faith within God. The principles of predestination‚ Divine Providence‚ Lutheranism and Calvinism that were predominant during this time‚ were written and explicitly depicted within the novels plot. Throughout this extended amount of time Crusoe establishes in the island a form of government. These of which were highly influenced
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5. Luther’s answers as delineated in the Confession of Augsburg to the four basic theological issues were the following. When asked how a person is saved‚ Luther said by faith alone. When asked where does religious authority reside‚ Luther said in the Word of God‚ as revealed in the Bible alone. When asked what is the church‚ he said the entire Christian community. Luther said there is no highest form of Christian life‚ all are equal. 6. His violent opposition to the Peasant’s War made his teachings
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AP European History Study Guide Pre-Renaissance * Middle Ages: began around 500 AD and ended around 1450 AD * Early Middle Ages * Roman Empire fell‚ Europe is turbulent and dark * Europe is being created by Germanic‚ Roman‚ and Church * Church * power founded in papacy * was political as well as spiritual * bishop of Rome lead Church * began the Pope system * Pope>Archbishops>Bishops>Priests * to go to heaven‚ followers had to
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people to follow. This treaty recognized Lutheran Protestants and Catholics‚ but not Calvinism. This essentially was the first time in the Holy Roman Empire that another religion was allowed‚ besides Catholicism. Treaty of Westphalia Signed in 1648‚ the Treaty of Westphalia once again ended a religious war‚ the Thirty Years’ War. It was the treaty that recognized Calvinism‚ finally‚ along with Lutheranism and Catholicism. It used the same policy as the treaty before‚ The Peace of Augsburg
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He was a theologian and church reformer who created a form of Protestantism‚ known as Calvinism‚ during the Reformation. Calvin preached against the Roman Catholic Church. During the reformation he wrote “Institutes of the Christian Religion” which summarized the Protestant systematic theology. His denomination was known for the idea of predestination
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