Chapter 4 Exchange Background e-Learning Objectives Exchange surfaces All of the cells in your body need constant supplies of oxygen and nutrients‚ and need to get rid of waste materials‚ such as carbon dioxide‚ that are produced in their metabolic reactions. These substances are obtained from‚ or released to‚ the external environment‚ through your body’s surface. Cells and organisms have problems of scale to solve as they get bigger. As an organism gets Cube with 1 cm sides bigger‚ both its
Premium Lung Respiratory physiology
HEART-LUNG MACHINE eng. Hassanain Ali Lefta Mossa * ‚ HasAli76@yahoo.com During an open-heart surgery (such as valve surgery)‚ an extracorporeal (i.e. outside the body) equipment called the heart-lung machine takes over the functions of the heart and lungs‚ so that the heart can be carefully stopped while the vital organs continue to receive blood and oxygen. The surgeon can then operate in a blood-free surgical field without interference from bleeding or the heart’s pumping motion. The principle
Premium Heart Blood Circulatory system
respiratory system is using to clear her lungs by coughing? A cough reflex has both sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) components. Pulmonary irritant receptors (cough receptors) in the epithelium of the respiratory tract are sensitive to both mechanical and chemical stimuli. Stimulation of the cough receptors by dust or other foreign particles produces a cough‚ which is necessary to remove the foreign material from the respiratory tract before it reaches the lungs. A long drawn and deep inhalation
Premium Respiratory system Respiratory physiology Oxygen saturation
tests measure lung volumes. There are many reasons spirometry testing is done. Most common would be to assess lung function in disease process‚ but studies are also done in exercise testing for lung capacity and expenditure of oxygen. Speech Language Pathologists are also concerned with Spirometry testing. The lungs are the power house of speech; therefore in assessing speech disorders‚ it is necessary to understand lung volumes and their role in speech production. Physicians such as lung specialists
Free Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Asthma Spirometry
Pulmonary disease or lung disease is any disease or disorder that occurs in the lungs or that causes the lungs or that causes the lungs not to work correctly. Some diseases or disorders that affect the lungs are Pneumothrax‚ Pneumonia‚ Hemothorax‚ and Infectious Mononucleosis: Epstein - Barr virus Infection. There are many signs‚ symptoms‚ treatments and medications for Pulmonary diseases. Symptoms and signs for Pneumothorax varies from patient to patient but usually includes Sudden and sharp
Premium Asthma Pneumonia Pulmonology
aEmphysema Emphysema is a long-term lung disease that results in the destruction of the alveolar walls. Many individuals have both bronchitis‚ which involves a long term couch with mucus‚ and emphysema. This condition is often referred to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or COPD. People with this disease do not get enough oxygen and suffer buildup of carbon dioxide in their blood. In normal breathing‚ air is drawn in through the bronchi and into the alveoli‚ which are tiny sacs surrounded
Premium Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Lung Asthma
respiratory system is using to clear her lungs by couching. - A long drawn and deep inhalation followed by a complete closure of the glottis‚ which results in a strong exhalation that suddenly pushes the glottis open and sends a blast of air through the upper respiratory passages. Stimulus for this reflex act may be a foreign body lodged in the larynx‚ trachea‚ or epiglottis. C.) Which structures found in the bronchioles and alveoli normally would protect Cari’s lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate
Premium Respiratory physiology Respiratory system Lung
air) and the blood Thin and Moist Epithelium Barrier Between medium and blood High Vascularized Many blood vessels Ventilation - Pumping of water in - Pumping of air in lungs Respiratory Devices Adaptations for External Respiration: Primary Organs in Adult Vertebrates are: External and Internal Gills Swim Bladders or Lungs Skin Buccopharyngeal Mucosa Less common respiratory Devices: Filmentous (bushy outgrowths - not hair‚ just looks like it. Are skin.) of the posterior trunk and thigh (African
Premium Respiratory system Larynx Lung
from the lungs. When the mucus becomes or abundant it triggers the cough reflex. C. Which structures found in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli normally would protect Cari’s lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate matter? There are macrophages found in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli that normally would protect Cari’s lungs from infectious pathogens and particulate matter. D. How would the resistance of Cari’s airways be affected by excess mucus and fluid in her lung? The excess
Premium Respiratory physiology Oxygen saturation Pulmonology
Maud van Gellecum Ms. Miehl END 1D October 16 2013 Running is the Best Sport Ever A great fraction of people on the planet play a sport. Most people prefer to play a team sport to satisfy their needs and for many social reasons. However‚ although running is not a team sport‚ it is the best sport out there. Running is the best sport ever because it’s a way to keep your body in shape‚ it gives you a great rush after you’re finished and because it improves your health. Running is the best sport because
Premium Artery Blood Heart