EOutline and Evaluate Factors Influencing Eye Witness Testimony The term ‘eye witness testimony’ refers to an area of research into the accuracy of memory concerning significant events‚ it is legally considered to be a reliable account of events. However‚ research into eye witness testimony has found that it can be affected by many psychological factors such as‚ anxiety and stress‚ reconstructive memory‚ selective attention and leading questions. Anxiety and stress can be associated with many
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FILM: Witness Directed by Peter Weir CLASH OF CULTURES Peter Weir’s film Witness explores the clash of cultures by contrasting the Amish culture with a modern Westernised society. Firstly‚ cultural clash is achieved through the contrast of setting. The panning shot of the countryside‚ depicting Amish farmhouses and barns‚ coupled with the free flowing soundtrack‚ depicts a peaceful agrarian community. This contrasts with the busy American city‚ with shops‚ modern style buildings and cars suggesting
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courtroom‚ describing what they perceived happened during the specific incident under investigation. Ideally this recollection of events is detailed; however this is not always the case. This recollection is used as evidence to show what happened from a witness ’ point of view. Memory recall has been considered a credible source in the past‚ but has recently come under attack as forensics can now support psychologists in their claim that memories and individual perceptions are unreliable; being easily manipulated
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With reference to alternative research findings‚ critically assess Loftus and Palmer’s research into Leading questions. Loftus and Palmer concluded (1974) concluded from their experiments that leading questions can alter the representation in your memory. Before the Loftus and Palmer undertook their studies into the effects of leading questions on memory recollection‚ Carmichael (1932) researched the effect of different labels on the reproduction of identical figures. They showed two sets of
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The Loftus and Palmer study is a laboratory experiment. This means that the study is artificial. The artificiality of the setting can intimidate participants or make them more obedient. This in turn can produce unnatural behavior and results that do not generalize to real life. This can be seen in experiment 2 when 12% of the control group reported seeing broken glass even though they were unaffected by the verb. This could be attributed to the leading question or to demand characteristics when
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Effect of anxiety in eye witness testimony Eyewitness Testimony refers to witnesses who are asked to give testimonies in court to particular crimes. Anxiety is amongst several other factors that can affect the accuracy of EWT. Depending on the anxiety level a witness has experienced‚ their recall level can either be more or less accurate. Loftus 1979‚ investigated the effect of anxiety on eye witness testimony accuracy. She asked participants to sit outside a laboratory where they thought they
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each verb. Results - Verb|Mean Estimate. Smashed|40.8‚ Collided|39.3‚ Bumped|38.1‚ Hit|34.0‚ Contacted|31.8. Discussion - Loftus and Palmer argue that memories are based on two types of imformation: What we percieve at the time of the event and what we find out after the event. They argue that what they hear after the event can distort our memories. In this experiment loftus and palmer argue that two things can be happening: Distortion and Response Bias. Distortion: The verbed used may lead the participant
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Essay Writing Witness Dynamic characters promise to take a story’s audience on a journey. The key issue to understand is that it is because characters in stories act out to resolution and fulfilment issues of human need that they engage the attention of an audience. Conflict with the plot‚ love/hate relationships‚ common human attributes clenched into a character which accounts for its distinguishing trait. Peter Weir’s Witness offers us with a range of distinctive characters but John Book’s character
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1. Elizabeth Loftus has said‚ “[W]hat we think we know‚ what we believe with all our hearts‚ is not necessarily the truth.” What is her evidence that misinformation can invade our memories? The first study covering the susceptibility our brains to misinformation was based on the power of suggestion. Loftus and colleagues obtained information about the subject’s childhood memories. When the subjects were retold these memories‚ false information had also been suggested to them. A portion of the subjects
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Beyond the archetypal exposé of the Amish culture by all‚ it seems that the Oscar-winning ‘Witness’ by Peter Weir has expunged the typical intuition of the Amish culture. In a nutshell‚ 1985 film ‘Witness’ focuses on a detective protecting a young Amish boy [Samuel] who becomes the target of a ruthless killer after he witnesses a brutal murder in a Philadelphia train station. The Amish trace their religious heritage to the Swiss Anabaptist of sixteenth-century Europe‚ who emerged in the wake of the
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