How does linguistic variation cue representations of a speaker’s social identity and‚ presumably‚ stereotypes about relevant social groups? Although studies have indicated that phonetic variation in speech may activate social stereotypes (Purnell‚ Idsardi & Baugh‚ 1999)‚ research on the mechanisms of this process has been scant. The term “stereotype” was introduced into the variations of sociolinguistic literature in Labov’s (1973) taxonomy of language forms charged with broad social meaning‚ reprised
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Linguistics is the scientific study of human language.[1][2][3][4][5] Linguistics can be broadly broken into three categories or subfields of study: language form‚ language meaning‚ and language in context. The earliest known activities in descriptive linguistics have been attributed toPāṇini around 500 BCE‚ with his analysis of Sanskrit in Ashtadhyayi.[6] One subfield of linguistics is the study of language structure‚ or grammar. This focuses on the system of rules followed by the users of a language
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Подготовить конспекты по следующим разделам: 1. Applied linguistics 1 History The term applied linguistics dates back at least to the 1940s in the USA when linguists applied analytical methods to the practical problems of producing grammars and phrasebooks and developing language courses. 2 What Is Applied Linguistics? Applied linguistics: (1) was interdisciplinary‚ drawing on psychology‚ sociology‚ and pedagogy as well as theoretical linguistics; (2) included a range of fields including lexicography
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Artist: M.C. Escher Name of Artwork: “Relativity” Medium: Lithograph http://www.itp.uni-hannover.de/~dragon/stonehenge/escher.jpg Describe: In this artwork has s and rails coming for different directions‚ and faceless people walking up and down these twisted stairs. Some of these people are carrying things‚ for example one is carrying a candle another is carrying a sack. There is a family sitting down for a meal. Lastly there are bars on the wall‚ doors‚ flowers‚ and trees. Analyze:
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Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (1999) 19‚ 81–104. Printed in the USA. Copyright © 1999 Cambridge University Press 0267-1905/99 $9.50 PRAGMATICS AND SLA Gabriele Kasper and Kenneth R. Rose INTRODUCTION Pragmatics has two roles in SLA: It acts as a constraint on linguistic forms and their acquisition‚ and it represents a type of communicative knowledge and object of L2 learning in its own right. The first role of pragmatics is evident in functionalist (Tomlin 1990) and interactionist
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Stylistics is the study and interpretation of texts from a linguistic perspective. As a discipline it links literary criticism and linguistics‚ but has no autonomous domain of its own.[1][2] The preferred object of stylistic studies is literature‚ but not exclusively "high literature" but also other forms of written texts such as text from the domains of advertising‚ pop culture‚ politics or religion.[3] Stylistics also attempts to establish principles capable of explaining the particular choices
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Derrick Shepherd Professor Shannon Riddle ART 194 17 September 2014 M.C. Escher’s Relativity-Analysis When I had to choose a piece of art to analyze‚ I thought about M.C. Escher’s work. I was in art club in high school and we focused on his art frequently. I decided to go with Relativity. Relativity is a lithograph that was printed in 1953 (Escher‚ Relativity). It has a lot going on‚ with its many figures walking and interacting with the environment. It looks alien to our world in comparison
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LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS OVERVIEW • The origin of Language • Features of Language • Knowledge of Language • Linguistics • Branches of Linguistics • Approaches to Linguistic Studies • Schools of Linguistics THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE • The divine source • The natural sound source o Primitive words o Cuckoo‚ splash‚ rattle‚ hiss‚ buzz o “Bow-wow theory of language origin.” • The social interaction source • The physical adaptation source
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meaningful messages or receive and understand messages. ‘How is language organised in order to be meaningful?’ This is the question we ask and attempt to answer at the level of semantics. Semantics is that level of linguistic analysis where meaning is analysed. It is the most abstract level of linguistic analysis‚ since we cannot see or observe meaning as we can observe and record sounds. Meaning is related very closely to the human capacity to think logically and to understand. So when we try to analyse meaning
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Linguistics‚ though one of the youngest behavioral sciences‚ has a background extending over several millennia. During this period scholars with various interests have concerned themselves with language. Some of the most readable treatises on language were produced by the Greeks and Romans‚ such as Plato’s Cratylus and Quintilian’s advice to an orator. Much of our terminology was devised in the course of this earlier concern. Any of introductions to linguistic cannot‚ therefore‚ limit itself to one
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