ANTIGENS (Synonyms: non-self molecules‚ immunogen‚ foreign bodies.) Definition: Antigens are simple or complex foreign substances‚ which may be organic‚ inorganic or biological agents and they enhances/ provokes/ elicits the immune response against that when they are enters the body pareneterally. Immunogen is a molecule that stimulate the immune response in the system When a foreign bodies or substances enter the system or body‚ it mediates immediate or delayed type
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Determining the percent Concentration of a given Solution using Titration Morphy Kuffour Mrs. Langlis‚ AP Chemistry C-D 9/24/2017 Purpose: Determining the precise concentration of vinegar through titration using a standard solution of Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) (aq) Background: Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH) in water. The concentration of acetic acid in Vinegar is written as a Molarity (mol/L). In this experiment‚ titration is used to determine the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar
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absence of certain protein molecules called antigens and antibodies. The antigens can be found on the surface of red blood cells and the antibodies are in the blood plasma. Individuals have different types and combination of these molecules. Blood group is like a trait which we inherit to our parents. The blood group you belong depends on what you have inherited from your parents. There are three types of antigens: A antigen‚ B antigen‚ and rhesus (Rh) antigen which shows positive or negative in the
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Vaccinations are modified diseases. Immunogen: any agent capable of inducing an immune response. Antigen: any agent capable of binding specifically to components of the immune system (lock and key) All immunogens are antigens but not vice versa. High molecular weight: substances > 6000 Da are generally immunogenic From 1000-6000 -> may or may not be immunogenic. Haptens: antigens which are not immnogens (molecular weight too low and chemically simple) Combines haptens with protein
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------------------------------------------------- Audio-Visual Presentation Unified Document Group 4: “Lugue Kayo!” Topic: “Using antibody-antigen interaction for diagnostics and other purposes” Members and Fields of Study: Mark Louie Lugue – Scientific Interaction of Antigens and Antibodies Interaction Used in Diagnostics James Pe Lim – Pros and Cons of this Biotechnology Ria Iestin Corral – Antibody and Antigen Descriptions Hessen Demil Jao – Interaction Used in Diagnostics Johann Erin de Guzman
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Antigens vs. antibodies An antibody is a protein produced by a host to bind to foreign particles and inactivate them. Ideally‚ the antibody binds to only their specific antigen. Antigens are defined as anything that makes the immune system respond by producing antibodies. They are often viruses‚ bacteria‚ or fungi‚ but can sometimes be dust‚ chemicals‚ pollen‚ or food proteins that cause allergic reactions. (Antigens that cause allergic reactions are called allergens). An epitope is the part of
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Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to determine the concentration of an unknown amount of copper sulfate using the spectronic 20. Four solutions of different concentrations of H₂O and CuSO₄ were put into the spectronic 20 to observe their absorption of light. Then‚ a graph was created to plot down the measurements. Using the calibration curve of the graph‚ the concentration of the unknown substance was found out to be .12M. Background/Introduction: Beer’s law (which states that
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Although national income is a convenient way for measuring the standard of living between countries‚ it still has its limitations. Firstly‚ as national income statistics are calculated from millions of different returns to the government‚ inevitably mistakes are made. For example‚ returns may be inaccurate or simply not completed. This makes the data incorrect‚ hence hindering people to analyze the living standard of a country accurately. Secondly‚ National income does not record the output
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Concentration The Problem In many colleges over 8% of the students report problems concentrating on their studies. Most of these students blame outside distractions for their problems. Many research studies manipulating noise levels and distractions have found that such disturbances may increase‚ decrease‚ or not even affect concentration. These researchers have therefore concluded that distracters don’t cause concentration problems directly. It is the way the distracters are interpreted
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Practical report: Determination of concentration using a standard curve Introduction Spectrophotometer is an instrument that confirms the measurement of specified wavelength of light that passes through medium. The measurement of light absorbance by a solution is also done with spectrophometer. Absorption spectrum Spectrometers are mainly and widely functional in identifying the components of solutions that helps determine the components’ concentrations. Compounds are experimentally identified
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