gram-staining technique. Frozen mackerel fish (Scomber scombrus) was used for the study. Invitro assay result revealed that the samples were predominantly contaminated by three bacteria species viz: Staphylococcus aureus‚ Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus plantarum. Incidences of the various isolates in the culture were found to be 60‚ 20 and 15%‚ respectively. The mean bacteria load of the isolates was 1.135 x 10 6 CFU g -1 . This value was found to be markedly higher than the recommended public
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History of Bread Grown in Mesopotamia and Egypt‚ wheat was likely first merely chewed. Later it was discovered that it could be pulverized and made into a paste. Set over a fire‚ the paste hardened into a flat bread that kept for several days. It did not take much of a leap to discover leavened (raised) bread when yeast was accidentally introduced to the paste. Instead of waiting for fortuitous circumstances to leaven their bread‚ people found that they could save a piece of dough from a batch
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Yogurt is a valuable health food for both infant and elderly people. The nutritional constituents of yogurt are derived from the milk used in making it‚ those that are synthesized by the lactic acid bacteria and those that are added by the manufactures. The nutritional value of the milk protein is well-preserved during the fermentation process. Like most dairy products‚ it is a good source of protein. The milk proteins in yogurt are partially hydrolyzed and therefore become more digestible. In comparison
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additives‚ vitamins‚ mineral supplements‚ herbs‚ phytochemicals and Probiotics. Tomato‚ for example‚ contains Lycopene which is Anti-prostate cancer and Anti-oxidant. Similarly‚ onion contains Quercetin which reduces heart diseases; Yoghurt contains Lactobacillus sp. which is Probiotics; Spinach contains Flavonoids which is Active against age related macular degeneration‚ etc. It is the duty of processor to see that such constituents are not reduced during processing instead they are enhanced. The sale
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Otitis media Introduction Otitis media is an ear infection of the middle ear‚ the area just behind the eardrum. It happens when the eustachian tubes‚ which connect the middle ear to the nose‚ get blocked with fluid. Mucus‚ pus‚ and bacteria can also pool behind the eardrum‚ causing pressure and pain. Ear infections usually start with a cold. Although adults can get ear infections‚ they are most common in infants and young children. That’s because a child’s eustachian tubes are narrower and shorter
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Biology IB Standard Level 2012-2014 Index Topic 1 Topic 2 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 5 Topic 6 Topic 7 Topic 8 Topic 9 Topic 10 Topic 11 Statistical analysis Cells The chemistry of life Genetics Ecology and evolution Human health and physiology Nucleic acids and proteins Cell respiration and photosynthesis Plant science Genetics Human health and physiology Topic
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ANALYTICAL APPROACHES IN INDUSTRIAL BREWING ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: During my project‚ sponsored by the quality department‚ at Carlsberg India Private Ltd‚ I got a lot of assistance‚ courage and support from employees of Carlsberg. In this limited space I would like to acknowledge some of those people‚ without whose sincere support I could not have completed this project. Firstly‚ I am grateful to Mr. Sanjeev Sutar‚ Plant
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Probiotics are live microorganisms which are believed to provide health benefits when consumed. The term probiotics meaning ‘for life’ (pro= ‘for’ or ‘in support’‚ biotic= ‘life’) is derived from Latin & Greek language. The term was first used by Lilly and Stillwell in 1965 to describe “substances secreted by one microorganism which stimulates the growth of another microorganism” i.e. which is exactly opposite of ‘antibiotics’‚ later in 1971 Sperti used the term probiotics to describe “tissue extracts
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Primary Source: Tumor Microenvironment Topic Summary Cancer has become one of the world’s leading trends in diseases‚ both in discussion and in medicinal related research. Major insights and discoveries within cellular biology can be accredited to the drive of understanding and curing cancer. The battle of cancer began to rise in public attention around the era of Henrietta Lacks‚ who provided the world’s first immortal cell line. Most research of the time‚ and even up to the past decade‚ was targeted
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strains. Numerous studies have shown that around 50 different species of LAB are present in the microbial composition of cereal sourdoughs (Gobbetti 1998; Hammes et al. 2005; Vogel and Ehrmann 2008; De Vuyst et al. 2009). In addition to genus Lactobacillus‚ typical for most sourdough ecosystems‚ other genera like Leuconostoc‚ Weissella‚ Pediococcus‚ and very small amounts of lactococci‚ enterococci‚ and streptococci are found in sourdoughs (De Vuyst and Neysens 2005; Arendt et al. 2007; Corsetti
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