Enzyme action is the simple mechanism by which enzymes catalyse chemical reactions. This begins with the binding of the substrate to the active site on the enzyme. The binding of the substrate to the enzyme causes changes in the distribution of electrons in the chemical bonds of the substrate. This then causes the reactions that lead to the formation of products that are then released from the enzyme surface to regenerate the enzyme for another reaction cycle. The active site has a unique shape that
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Enzymes Ashley Njeru Mrs. Booth Tuesday‚ March 19th 2013 SBI 4U INTRODUCTION: The cellular activity of all organisms is controlled through the use of enzymes. An enzyme is a special type of biological molecule‚ usually a protein‚ which speeds up a chemical reaction; most are soluble in water or a dilute salt solution. There are about 4000 different enzymes in a typical living cell. If even one of these enzymes is missing or
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however‚ without enzymes‚ these reactions could possibly take several years to complete. An enzyme is a macromolecule‚ generally a protein‚ that lowers the activation energy of a reaction without being changed by the reaction‚ and this causes the reaction to occur much faster than usual (Campbell et al.‚ 2014). The act of speeding of a chemical reaction is called catalysis‚ and molecules that perform this are called catalyst. Enzymes act as catalysts‚ and there a many types of enzymes that perform many
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reaction. Life would not exist without the presence of enzymes (Phillips‚ 2017). Through chemical reactions‚ this energy is created and is controlled by a catalyst‚ enzymes. Enzymes are known as proteins that are produced in living cells that speed up the metabolic processes of an organism. These catalysts speed up these reactions by decreasing the activation energy‚ how much energy is needed for a chemical reaction to happen (WBC‚ 2015). An enzyme-substrate complex forms when a substrate attaches to
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Factors Affecting The rate of Enzyme Activity Prediction: As the temperature increases the rate of enzyme activity will also increase‚ thus increasing the rate of reaction. However‚ if the temperature is too high the enzyme will denature. Materials: 4 test tubes 2 small beakers A dozen filter paper disks Test tube rack Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) Potato extract Forceps Thermometer Hot plate Large beaker Ice cubes Graduated cylinder Stopwatch Procedure: Step 1 Place 10 mL of potato
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The Effect of Substrate Concentration on Initial Reaction Rate The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between substrate concentration and initial reaction rate provided that substrate concentration is much greater than enzyme concentration. Enzymes are essential to life as they are required for many vital metabolic reactions to occur. To adequately explain the properties of enzymes‚ it is assumed that an enzyme-controlled reaction takes place through an enzyme-substrate
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Title: The Effect of Varying Amounts of Substrate and Enzyme on a Reaction Rate Abstract In living organisms‚ certain reactions must take place rapidly to assist life. This occurs because of enzymes‚ because all reactions would take place too slowly to sustain life (Jacklet‚ 237). Enzymes are large protein molecules that catalyze specific chemical reactions without being used up in the process. Each enzyme has a region on its surface‚ called the active site‚ which recognizes a specific
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The Behavior of Proteins: Enzymes Enzymes are Effective Biological Catalyst Catalysis- speeds up metabolism to allow production of products. Enzymes- Highly specific and most efficient catalyst that speeds up metabolism or rate of reaction in organisms by factor up to 10^20 (globular proteins) Nonenzymatic catalyst- enhance by 10^2 -10^4 Ribozymes- acts for catalytic activity in RNA’s Kinetics versus Thermodynamics Standard free energy change- difference between the energies of the reactants
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An investigation into the effects of temperature on enzyme action An enzyme is a biological catalyst that speeds up the rate of reaction in certain biological functions. They play a vital role in many aspects of human physiology and are necessary for the functioning of a number of systems‚ for example in the digestive system to help to break down food. All enzymes have a unique active site that can fit on to a particular molecular arrangement on a target substrate; a substance e.g. carbohydrate
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Introduction: Enzymes are biological catalysts that permit cells to carry out the many functions that are required in a living system. Every enzyme has a specific substrate and a specific function. Enzymes alter substrates one of three ways: by adding something to the substrate‚ removing something from the substrate‚ or by changing its conformation‚ otherwise known as its shape. The structure of an enzyme and its ability to function exists because it binds to an active site‚ thus increasing the
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