material elements in contact. It is usually subdivided into several varieties: * Dry friction resists relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces in contact. Dry friction is also subdivided into static friction between non-moving surfaces‚ and kinetic friction (sometimes called sliding friction or dynamic friction) between moving surfaces. * Lubricated friction or fluid friction resists relative lateral motion of two solid surfaces separated by a layer of gas or liquid. * Fluid friction
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The kinetic theory of gases describes a gas as a large number of small particles (atoms or molecules)‚ all of which are in constant‚ random motion. The rapidly moving particles constantly collide with each other and with the walls of the container. Kinetic theory explains macroscopic properties of gases‚ such as pressure‚ temperature‚ or volume‚ by considering their molecular composition and motion. Essentially‚ the theory posits that pressure is due not to static repulsion between molecules‚ as
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Experiment 4: Enzyme Kinetics. Results/Discussion Week 1 Part A: Table 1. Enzyme activity for each assay of 4-nitroaniline formation. Rate of 4-nitroaniline formation Name of trial Abs/sec Abs/min M/min mol/min µmol/min #1 0.00003 0.0018 2.05x10-7 2.15 x10-10 2.15 x10-4 # 2 0.00010 0.0060 6.81x10-7 7.15x10-10 7.15x10-4 # 3 0.00020 0.0120 1.36x10-6 1.43x10-9 1.43x10-3 # 4 0.00030 0.0180 2.00x10-6 2.10x10-9 2.10x10-3
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BIOCHEMISTRY 304 Enzyme Kinetic Sample Problems #1 September 2004 1 Given the reaction k1 kp E + S ES E + P k-1 where k1 = 1 x 107 M-1 sec-1 k-1 = 1 x 102 sec-1‚ and kp = 3 x 102 sec-1 a) Calculate Ks b) Calculate Km (a) k-1 1 x 102 sec-1 Ks = k1 = 1 x 107 M-1 sec-1 = 1 x 10-5 M (b) k-1 + kp (1 x 102 sec-1) + (3 x 102 sec-1)
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Lecture No. 1 Chemical Kinetics 1.1 The Rate of a Reaction Chemical Kinetics is the area of Chemistry that is concerned with the speed‚ rate or mechanism at which a chemical reaction occurs. Reaction Rate is the change in the concentration of a reactant or product with time (i.e. M/s). It measures how fast a reactant is consumed and how fast a product is formed. 1.2 WRITING RATE EXPRESSIONS Consider the following hypothetical reaction. A + 2B ( 3C + D Rate = - rate
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Hydrogen peroxide and iodide ions Aim: To determine the rate equation for the reaction between Hydrogen peroxide and iodide ions‚ and to investigate the effects of a catalyst and temperatures on the reaction and to derive the activation enthalpy. Background knowledge: 1Hydrogen peroxide reacts with iodide ions producing iodine‚ when in an aqueous acid solution. H2O2 (aq) + 2I- (aq) + 2H3O+(aq) I2 (aq) + 2H2O(l) To detect iodine you can look at the color shown by the addition of starch
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Introduction The purpose of this lab is to determine: the coefficient of friction between a rubber stopper and a wooden ramp the coefficient of static friction between a wooden block and a wooden ramp the coefficient of kinetic friction between a wooden block and a wooden ramp The design of this experiment was done by placing a rubber stopper / wooden block onto a wooden ramp and tilting the ramp at a certain degree to cause the stopper / block to move. The measurements of the vertical distance
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(3) Sharon Chan (4) Christy Chan (5) BIOLOGY LAB REPORT Investigation of the effect of metal ions on enzyme activity Objective To study the effect of two heavy metal ions‚ lead (II) ions and silver ions on the enzyme activity of invertase. Introduction Hypothesis: The rate of enzyme reaction of invertase decreases and the reaction eventually stops as the heavy metal ions inhibit the enzyme reactions. Biological principle: Heavy metal ions are non-competitive inhibitors. They do not compete
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Enzymes are naturally occurring biological catalysts that are extremely efficient and specific. Enzymes accelerate the rate of a reaction by factors of at least a million as compared to the same reaction without the enzyme. Most biological reaction rates are not perceivable in the absence of the enzyme. The term enzyme was first used by a German pshysiologist Wilhelm Kühne in 1897. There are over 700 different kinds of enzymes that have been identified. Enzymes can be classified into several categories
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raw nutritional value per 100 gm (3.5 oz) contains 20 kcal‚ carbohydrate - 4 gm‚ sugar – 2.6 gm‚ dietary fibre – 1 gm‚ fat – 0.2 gm‚ protein – 1 gm‚ water – 95 gm‚ vitamin C – 13 gm. It also contains minerals like calcium – 48 gm‚ phosphorous 20 –gm‚ iron – 0.4 gm‚ small amount of vitamin B complex. The tomato is essentially an alkaline vegetable‚ its acid taste is due to malic acid which is about 0.5% it also contains 0.52& to 1.81 citric acid and only a trace of oxalic acid is present. These acids
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