Learning and Cognitive Theories of Social Phobia: Causation‚ Maintenance‚ and Treatment University Of Newcastle Social Phobia‚ also know as Social Anxiety Disorder‚ affects between 7 -13% of individuals in western society (Furmark‚ 2002). It usually presents during adolescences and is typically chronic and lifelong (Veale‚ 2003). Two theories have been commonly used to explain the development and maintenance of the phobia: learning theory and cognitive theory. Both
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Phobias are the most prominent mental illnesses found among children and adolescents‚ and often continue into adulthood. Five to twelve percent of Americans will experience a phobia in their lifetime‚ and most cases go untreated. While they are treatable‚ Phobias are considerably the most difficult form of anxiety to cure. The presence of a phobia induces intense fear‚ and leads to prolonged anxiety. They are typically more prominent among children‚ and commonly appear in the form of a "specific
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outline- Phobias- Bridget Lowe general purpose: to inform specific purpose: to inform my audience about phobias central idea: to inform people about the different types‚ causes and effects and the treatment of phobias Intro I. gain attention: Do you have something you’re afraid of? Almost everyone does and it is completely normal to have fears. But when those fears are excessive‚ unreasonable‚ and effecting your well being‚ they are called phobias. II. reveal topic: Phobias are the
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A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder defined by a persistent fear of a situation‚ object‚ feeling or animal. The phobia results in the onset of fear and is long term. The person with the phobia will try to avoid the situation or object at all costs. If these cannot be avoided this would cause significant distress. On some occasions with particular phobias to blood or injury this could cause fainting. Agoraphobia can be associated with panic attacks. It is usual for a person with phobias to fear
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are known as phobias. Phobias have the potential to greatly affect the way we live our lives. However‚ there are different ways to overcome a phobia. It is never easy to get over something that constantly haunts you or makes you nervous‚ but nothing is ever as impossible as you may think. The word Phobia is from Latin and directly from Greek‚ meaning “panic fear of” or “fear”. Phobia is a term used to describe an irrational or excessive fear of a particular object or situation. Phobias can be acquired
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Specific phobia may also occur on people who suffer from a particular condition. If a person has biological relatives‚ there are possibilities that they will also suffer from developing phobia as well. In the genetic factors of a phobia‚ according to National Alliance of Mental Illness (NAMI)‚ women are more likely have a higher rate of social phobia. Some result has been reported with many investigations even in controlling the gender in various studies. The biological factor of phobia is not much
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CBT has been studied as a treatment for specific phobia (Craske & Rowe‚ 1997) either alone (Booth & Rachman‚ 1992; de Jongh et al.‚ 1995; O’Donahue & Szymanski‚ 1993) or in combination with exposure-based treatments (Kamphuis &Telch‚ 2000; Koch‚ Spates‚& Himle‚ 2004). In CBT‚ patients are taught to identify and alter their fears that maintain the phobic reaction‚ and the CBT techniques used to accomplish this include cognitive restructuring (de Jongh et al.‚ 1995) and guided threat reappraisal (Kamphuis
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Classical Conditioning- AKA Respondant Conditioning AKA Partisan Conditioning -discovered by Ivan Pavlov (1904) -dog with meat powder and salivation -demonstrated empirically by John Watson (1920) -Little Albert and the white rat stimulus- an agent that may illicit a response response- a behavior that results from a stimulus neutral stimulus- a stimulus that does not automatically trigger a certain response in almost everyone -doesn’t provoke a response from anyone
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Your best friend suffers from a phobia of buttons. Describe the symptoms that he/she displays in the presence of buttons‚ suggest possible causes for the phobia‚ and outline potential treatments. Irrational fears come in all sorts of shapes and sizes‚ from the peculiar to the seemingly absurd. These phobias can take a hold of a person’s life and create barriers preventing them from achieving their goals and hold them back a great deal not to mention the self loathing that may occur as a person
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specific phobia and most undergo a treatment. The most common phobia today would be anachrophobia‚ or the fear of spiders. There are many ways to treat a phobia. The psychologists and psychiatrists in the United States all use many different approaches to treating a phobia; but there are two main treatments that they would use. They both have high success rates and both are still a very modern way to treat many of today’s patients. The primary treatments in the United States to treat phobias would be
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