Med/Surg I Major Functions of Kidney: Regulation of Homeostasis -Filters blood & regulates contents (water content & blood volume) -Maintain acid-base balance -Control fluid & electrolytes -Excrete metabolic waste products -Control BP (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) Urinary System Structure: Kidneys (produce urine)‚ Ureters (transport urine to bladder)‚ Bladder (stores urine)‚ Urethra (conduct urine outside body) *Nephron- working unit of kidney *Kidneys receive 25% of cardiac output=
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digestive system is the main source of water gains; a small amount of extra water is generated by metabolic activity. With electrolyte balance‚ it involves balancing the amounts of absorption across the digestive tract with amounts of loss at the kidneys. Everyday our body fluids gain electrolytes from drinks or foods we take in‚ and in turn‚ loose them through urinating‚ sweating and defecating. “If the gains and losses for every electrolyte are in balance‚ you are said to be in electrolyte balance
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turns out fatty. Alcohol results in an increase in the fibrous tissue that prevents the blood to reach the cells in the liver. All this result the liver to die because it doesn’t get appropriate amount of blood to survive. * Kidneys: Alcohol can damage the kidneys too. * Stomach: Alcohol use causes irritation in the stomach by increasing the amount of the HCl that result in damaging the lining of the stomach. * Heart: Drinking alcohol every day weakens the muscles of the heart
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digestive system is affected as well. Besides experiencing constant hunger pangs‚ constipation or bloating may occur. The stomach may shrink in size‚ making the reintroduction of food troublesome. The kidneys are not immune either. Further effects of anorexia nervosa may include kidneys stones and even kidney failure. Sub Point B) Ending result. After not eating for a certain amount of time your body would start to experience hallucinations‚ convulsions‚ muscle spasms‚ and irregular heart beat. Your body
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1. Introduction Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae) is an important medicinal plant greatly valued in Ayurveda for treatment of cough‚ asthma and gastrointestinal disorders. In Sushrutha Samhitha it has been described as antiseptic‚ febrifuge‚ detoxicant‚ antihelminthic and considered valuable for curing migraine‚ jaundice‚ urinary calculi‚ internal abscesses‚ seminal weakness‚ vaginal discharges and insanity. In the Arabian Peninsula‚ it is mainly distributed over Oman‚ Yemen and the Southwestern
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Diana Quiroz Ms Rodriguez Honors English IV period 1 February 5‚ 2014 Organ Transplants: Kidney and Pancreas It is six o’clock on a cool Wednesday night at UMC hospital in Tucson‚ Arizona. The teams of doctors are in the operating room preparing for a surgery that will change the life of one person forever. This wait is finally over‚ prayers have been answered. This person is about to receive new organs; it will be as if they will be born again. This person is given what most people
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Fluid and Electrolytes Imbalances Fluid Compartments: * Extracellular Fluid (ECF) – This is fluid found outside of the cells and the amount of ECF decreases with age. In the newborn for example‚ approximately ½ of the body fluid is contained in the ECF. By the time the infant has reached one year old; the ECF has decreased to approximately 1/3 of the total volume. In an average 70 kg adult the ECF is approximately 15 liters of total volume. ECF can further be divided into the following:
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Nursing 120 Study Guide Urinary Elimination 1) Kidneys – The left kidney is higher than the right kidney due to the position of the liver. Filters waste products of metabolism that collect in the blood. They remove waste from the blood to form urine. The kidneys maintain balance between retention and excretion of fluids ( play key role in fluid and electrolyte balance). The normal adult urine output is 1200 to 1500 ml/ day. An output less than 30 ml/hr indicates possible circulatory‚ blood volume
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reflux is a condition in which urine from the bladder goes back into the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder (ureters). The bladder is a hollow organ in the lower part of the abdomen. It stores urine after the urine is made by the kidneys. In severe cases of vesicoureteral reflux‚ urine may flow back through the ureters and into the kidneys. Vesicoureteral reflux can affect one or both kidneys and ureters. Vesicoureteral reflux can range from mild to severe. Mild cases usually do not cause
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First pass metabolism. Pharmacology is the study of the effects drugs have and how they exert them. Drugs can be administered enteral or parenteral. [1] Enteral refers to any form of administration that involves the alimentary tract. The four enteral routes of administration include the mouth‚ sublingual‚ buccal and rectal. Parenteral refers to routes of administration outside of or beside of the alimentary tract. The parenteral route includes intravascular (IV)‚ Intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous
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