* Healthy kidneys produce the hormone erythropoietin which stimulates the bone marrow to make oxygen-carrying red blood cells. As the kidneys fail‚ they produce less erythropoietin‚ resulting in decreased production of red blood cells to replace the natural breakdown of old red blood cells. As a result‚ the blood carries less hemoglobin‚ a condition known as anemia. This can result in: Feeling tired and/or weak Memory problems Difficulty concentrating Dizziness Low blood pressure * Proteins
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Chapters 9 and 10 HOMEWORK 9.1 The Respiratory System 1. Summarize the role of the respiratory system. 2. Distinguish between inspiration and expiration. 3. Identify the structures of the human respiratory system. 9.2 The Upper Respiratory Tract 1. Summarize the role of the nose‚ pharynx‚ and larynx in respiration. 2. Identify the structures of the upper respiratory system and provide their function. 3. Explain how sound is produced by the larynx. 9.3 The Lower Respiratory
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What is organ trafficking? * Trade involving inner human organs (heart‚ liver‚ kidneys) * For organ transplants * Illegal in all countries except Iran BACKGROUND IN IRAN: * Takes from both cadavers (13%) & donors * Law was passed in 2000 * Iranians cannot sell to non-citizens HOW: * Find donor/seller * Some people advertise their kidneys by writing their blood type and phone number on walls opposite major hospitals in graffiti style * OR * Non-profit
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Excretory system Excretion is the removal of waste products of metabolism from our body system. Contents • 1 Excretory functions • 2 Component organs o 2.1 Lungs o 2.2 Kidneys o 2.3 Ureter o 2.4 Urinary bladder o 2.5 Urethra o 3 Urine formation4 Reasons For Excretion The excretory system removes metabolic and liquid toxic wastes as well as excess water from the organism‚ in the form of urine‚sweat‚urea or bile. This is important so as to help maintain balance within the organism
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understand the function and inner workings of the kidneys. The human body requires blood to be circulated in order for organs and tissues to be perfused. The perfusion of blood is enriched with products such as plasma and cells‚ used to keep the body functioning. Once the products are used to their capacity they need to filtered out and become waste products to be excreted. A portion of these waste products get excreted through the kidneys. The kidneys filter blood and excrete urine (Smith‚ 2013).
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Len Horovitz‚ a pulmonologist‚ people can survive without an entire lung without affecting the daily life (Doubner 1). Humans have two kidneys but only one is needed to survive. According to the National Kidney Foundation‚ people with only one kidney have few or no health problems and life expectancy is the same as someone with two kidneys. The lungs and kidneys are commonly in high demand for organ transplant; however‚ a person can live without a spleen‚ stomach‚ colon‚ reproductive organs and appendix
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Organisation of the Urinary System • • • • Kidneys Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra 5 Position of the Kidneys CT abdomen with contrast MRI coronal abdomen 6 Protection of the Kidneys • 3 layers of connective tissue: Renal cortex – Inner layer- Renal capsule – Middle layer- Adipose capsule – Outer layer-Renal fascia Retroperitoneal space 7 Surface anatomy of the Kidney • Hilum is located on the medial surface 10 cm 3cm 5.5cm 8 Internal Structure of the Kidney Renal Lobe Renal pyramids Renal
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BIOL 3350 Review Test 5 1. What is the overall function of the kidneys? They control the water to electrolyte balance and remove nitrogenous waste. Regulate the inner environment of the body. 2. What are the functional units of the kidney? Nephron 3. What is the bulk of the energy used for by the kidney? Active Transport of sodium and co-transport of electrolytes and other substances. 4. Describe juxtomedullary nephrons. They penetrate the entire length
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completed to separate the kidney in half. There is a thin membrane that covers the kidney. This being the renal capsule. The outer ring‚ the inner section as well as chambers are visible. Both the sheep and the pig kidney have the distinctive kidney bean shape. The cortex of the kidney is striated. The next layer is the the medulla. This area appears quite fatty. The area where the nephron and and renal arteries are located. The white section‚ in the center of the kidney is the renal pelvis. There
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1) The functional unit of the kidney is the a- Calyx b- Nephron c- Collecting duct d- Pyramid 2) All of the following are components of the nephron except the: a- Loop of Henle b- Renal corpuscle c- Proximal tubule d- Renal pelvis 3) Plasma proteins are not commonly found in the urine because: a- All proteins are subsequently reabsorbed b- All of the plasma proteins are too large to fit through the filtration slits c- All proteins filtered
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