IB 150 THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE FALL 2012 SOPHIE’S WORLD: READING GUIDE DR. HALL The novel Sophie’s World (1991) by Norwegian author Jostein Gaarder offers a tour of the history of Western philosophy as well as a post-modern detective story. We chose this reading for IB Seniors because it ties in so well with our fundamental TOK questions and issues. Because of the intellectual journey the novel charts‚ it makes a companion to Siddhartha which adds‚ however‚ an eastern counterpoint
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philosopher‚ Immanuel Kant described the Enlightenment as the: “man’s emergence from his self-imposed nonage. Nonage is the inability to use one’s own understanding without another’s guidance. This nonage is self-imposed if its cause lies not in lack of understanding‚ but in indecision and lack of courage to use one’s own mind without another’s guidance. Dare to know! (Sapere aude.) ‘Have the courage to use your own understanding‚’ is therefore the motto of the Enlightenment” (Kant). Meanwhile‚
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prior assumption. These different areas of knowledge all have their problems. However‚ true knowledge and the ways of obtaining it is something that has caused controversy among many scholars. On one hand is the idea of Empiricism while on the other hand is the idea of Rationalism. Empiricists are people who believe that whatever we know‚ and hence believe in‚ is gotten through sensory experience. They assert that the mind was as pure as white- defined as tabula rasa by them- and whatever that we
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there was nothing else to doubt except doubting. The final altering event in the modern period was the split in epistemological perspectives‚ the study of knowledge and justified belief. The philosophical knowledge is divided into two parts‚ rationalism and empiricism. Rationalist believes knowledge is obtained in some form or other that provides additional information about the world‚ which outstrips the information that sense experience can provide. Empiricists develop methods as a means to obtain knowledge
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ASHIKA GOBRIE STUDENT NUMBER 50968610 ASSIGNMENT TWO UNIQUE NUMBER 862444 QUESTION ONE AFRICAN PHILOSPOHY TABLE OF CONTENTS: Introduction and Contents Page 2 Conclusion and Bibliography Page 3 (TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES 3) 1 INTRODUCTION The problem is that we have a learner who has come from a different province to attend our school and has a problem socialising with the other children. She does not have any friends and is always alone. As a teacher‚ I believe it is my duty to try and help her
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into the use of sense perception that is how we use our own biases by judging the situation by using our knowledge of the past. This is why the use of sense perception isn’t completely reliable. The idea of sense perception comes from the idea of empiricism and how experience is “of primary importance in giving us knowledge of the world”. (Holt) Sense perceptions provide us only with the information it gives us‚ it
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discipline allows students to understand specific issues‚ themes‚ topics and controversies that they may come across. Some examples of binary oppositions in the different disciplines are‚ business (labor vs capital)‚ natural and applied science (empiricism vs rationalism)‚
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“the scientific approach‚ other sources of knowledge; and the research process 2. Philosophies underlying research in the social sciences Philosophy of science (ideology‚ epistemology‚ ontology and methodology); empirical –analytical science (empiricism‚ positivism); historical hermeneutical science (behaviourism‚ phenomenology‚ existentialism‚ idealism and pragmatism); Critical science (Marxist approaches- marxism; realism‚ post modernism‚ post structuralism and feminism); Deductive and Inductive
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Scientific Revolution Aristotle and Claudius Ptolemy 16th century science was based on their conclusions Geocentric model: Earth is motion less other planets revolve around it Epicycles- Plotlemy’s idea circles within circles Crystalline spheres: heavens are made of a weightless substance allowing them to move Medieval thinkiners used Aristotle and Ptolemy ideology into a Christian framework Thomas Aquinas uses Unmoved Mover concept to confirm G-d’s existence Medieval thinkers believed their hypothesis
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Cambridge‚ Mass.: Harvard University Press‚ 1980. * Jones‚ H. S. ‘John Stuart Mill as Moralist.’ Journal of the History of Ideas 53 (1992): 287-308. * Kuklick‚ Bruce. ‘Seven thinkers and how they grew: Descartes‚ Spinoza‚ Leibniz; Locke‚ Berkeley‚ Hume; Kant.’ In Philosophy in History‚ Rorty‚ Schneewind‚ Skinner (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press‚ 1984. * *Mandelbaum‚ M. History‚ Man and Reason. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press‚ 1971. * Matz‚ Lou. ‘The Utility of Religious Illusion: A
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