about philosophy‚ there are many different theories of ethics. Some philosophers believe different things‚ or they expand on previous philosophies. Two theories in particular are Immanuel Kant’s deontological theory. This deals with the categorical imperative‚ and Elizabeth Spelman’s theory which discusses the ethics of care‚ and the ethics of justice. Although these theories are separated by centuries‚ they complement each other. Both theories discuss how to make ethical decisions. Kant’s theory simply
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As explained in lecture the first formulation of the categorical imperative is‚ “Act only in accordance with that maxim that you can at the same time will that it become a universal law.” First off‚ what does it mean to say‚ “Will as a universal law?” This means that you must ask yourself two questions. The first being whether you can consistently conceive of everyone acting on your maxim in all possible circumstances‚ and the second question being to ask yourself whether you can will everyone acting
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Explain the first formulation of the Categorical Imperative The first formulation of the categorical imperative states; “Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it would become a universal law.” Kant invented a phrase‚ “categorical imperative‚” that makes the above point in a different way. He distinguishes “the categorical imperative” from so-called “hypothetical imperatives.” A hypothetical imperative is a directive to the effect that if you wish to
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Liz Johnson December 12‚ 2012 Kant and Descartes “Idealism is the assertion there are none but thinking thing beings. All other things‚ which we believe are perceived in intuitions‚ are nothing but presentations in the thinking things‚ to which no object external to them in fact corresponds. Everything we see is just a construction of the mind.” (Prolegomena). Idealism maintains that there are no objects in the world‚ only minds. According to idealism‚ the existence of outer objects is
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contrasting the moral philosophies of David Hume and Immanuel Kant. Although I will be discussing several ideas from each philosopher the main theme of my paper will be dealing with the source of morality. It is my opinion that Hume’s sentiment based‚ empirical method is more practical than the reason based‚ a priori theory of Kant. According to Kant moral law must be known a priori‚ and must be able to be universally applied to all beings. Kant asserts that empirical explanations of morality may only
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Is skepticism self-refuting? Immanuel Kant argued that although human knowledge comes from experience‚ nonetheless knowledge must be grounded in some necessary truths. It is hard to see how the existence of logically and metaphysically necessary truths is enough to ground human knowledge. Following Kant’s reasoning‚ there are certain types of knowledge we have no access to. I will argue that Presuppositionalism is more plausible than Kant’s skepticism about certain types of knowledge‚ and that from
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Kant argues that there is a universal moral law that every rational mind follows through reasoning. He argues moral duties are generated by the moral law‚ which he distinguishes as two types of imperatives. An imperative is a conformity with a law and he argues that a “hypothetical imperative” plays no significant role in ones moral behaviour‚ as it causes an inclination in the person‚ whereas a “categorical imperative” is innate and occurs unconditionally as one is to do so without question. Kant
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Utilitarianism and Kant’s respective have different ways for demonstrating whether an act we do is right or wrong. Corresponding to Kant‚ we should look at our maxims‚ intentions‚ of a particular action. Kantians believe “If we are rational‚ we will each agree to curb our self-interest and cooperate with one another” (Shafer-Landau‚ Russ 194). In other words‚ humans are rational beings capable of rational behavior and should not be used purely for self-interest. On the other hand‚ Utilitarian’s believe
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In chapter three of The Ethics of Leadership‚ Joanne B. Ciulla‚ introduces the moral philosophy of Prussian philosopher‚ Immanuel Kant‚ who developed a set of ethics to guide our decisions and help us judge whether certain actions are morally correct. Kant’s moral theory does not look at all into consequences and has a very strict view of morality which can sometimes conflict between duty and self-interest. Ciulla mentions the story of David and Bathsheba in the Bible and asserts‚ “Leaders are often
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obligations and agreements where in today’s modern era‚ he’s being taught about to students around the globe. But during the 18th century Hume wasn’t the only great thinker during that time that had theories concerning science and how it works. Immanuel Kant‚ a German philosopher also brought forth theories that were as impactful to the world as Hume’s were. To understand Hume’s view on the world‚ one must first understand how cause and effect works as its basic definition and then how Hume sees it.
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