members worldwide‚ mostly in the United States and other English-speaking countries. With adherents in almost every nation where Freemasonry is not officially banned‚ it forms the largest secret society in the world. There is no central Masonic authority; jurisdiction is divided among autonomous national authorities‚ called grand lodges‚ and many concordant organizations of higher-degree Masons. In the United States and Canada the highest authority rests with state and provincial grand lodges. Custom
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1. What was the cause and result of the Quasi-War? The Quasi-War was a short‚ undeclared war between America and Britain against France on sea while Adams was president. The Quasi-War was fought on July 7‚ 1798 until the Treaty of Mortefontaine on September 30‚ 1800 was signed. The payments between America and France were stopped because of the money that was owed to the French Crown. A group called the French Privateers captured the American Merchant ships so they could use them as their payments
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To what extent was the Russian state more stable in 1881 than in 1855? By 1881‚ Russia had greatly changed. Reforms had been carried out‚ creating less of a gap between the social classes‚ and making society a fairer place. There were also developments in industry‚ helping Russia catch up with the western world. However‚ the country was still ruled in a way that out pleasing the autocracy over helping the peasants‚ and there was still not total freedom for everyone. The first way the Russian state
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Was Cubism a revolutionary art; discuss with reference to the power of the primitive and Cubist Collage in the work of Picasso and Braque. Word Count: 1‚683 Introduction Was Cubism revolutionary? To answer this question we must first look at Cubism as an avant-garde art movement. Here I will describe the elements that make a Cubist painting and discuss the artists behind the movement. Secondly we will look at Primitivism and its influence within Cubism. This is a way to tease out the conditions
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Westernized There are approximately seven billion people living on this planet‚ and the United States has over three hundred million people. Up to eleven million of these people are suffering from eating disorders while approximately seventy two million people are obese (Kirby). The individualistic‚ Western culture that envelops the United States is a supportive environment for this negative body image epidemic that is taking place. Individualistic societies have loose bonds between individuals;
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The events which unfolded within Russia throughout the early 20 th Century led not only to political and economic change‚ but also social upheaval which similarly ran parallel to the international crisis of the time. From the moment of the Tsar’s abdication in March 1917 the Bolshevik party had sought to strengthen its control within Russia alongside promoting the spread of socialism and world revolution by the peasantry. Yet‚ with Lenin’s death and Stalin’s rise to power‚ there seemed to be
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What was wrong with the ancient Athenian democracy? One of the most remarkable elements of the modern world of politics is the surprising popularity of democracy. The word and the concept of democracy‚ which nowadays is mostly seen as a necessary form of government for the 21st century‚ 26/01/2011-08:35:02 emerged for the first time in Antiquity‚ in the city-state of Athens in the 5th century BC. After so many years‚ the word‚ demokratia‚ still has the same meaning‚ the rule of the people
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Language has been a political and an emotional struggle for many people since the early 1750’s. British settlers in the 1750s felt threatened by German settlers moving into Pennsylvania who did not speak English. In 1780‚ John Adams attempted to have English declared the official language of The United States of America. Adams was not successful in his endeavors. Congress has opposed having an official language since John Adams first approached them. At least once a year since 1981‚ Congress has
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We the People Speech: Unit 4 By Anushka Edlabadkar‚ Sophia Azab‚ Anvita Suresh‚ John Lee‚ Sathvi Seshan‚ and Tye Williams How was the Constitution used to establish our government? How was the Constitution used to establish our government? Articles 1‚ 2‚ and 3 setup 3 branches‚ the Judicial Branch is 1 of those branches. Its job is to interpret laws and the constitution‚ there are many powers the Judicial Branch has given to them by Act 3 of the Constitution. One of the most if not the most
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To what extent can the treaty of versailles be deemed “harsh and shortsighted” Introduction The treaty of Versailles was constructed by a series of punishments that Germany was required to carry out‚ as a consequence for their input in the war and the destruction they caused on the Allies. Germany was made to accept and declare the fact that she was to blame. This was under the war guilt clause‚ that was used as a justification for the consecutive terms of the treaty that were to be imposed‚
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