identifying the trans isomer of a substituted triphenylethylene (ICI46‚474)‚ which was a partial estrogen agonist/antagonist in rats but a full estrogen agonist in mice. Most importantly‚ this trans isomer of substituted ICI46‚474 exhibited unaffected levels of desmosterol‚ which satisfied the concerns of the pharmaceutical community. Tamoxifen was subsequently developed (Jordan‚ 2006‚ p.
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Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Unsaturated hydrocarbons Have fewer hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon chain than alkanes. Are alkenes with double bonds. Are alkynes with triple bonds. 1 Structure of Alkenes Alkenes (and alkynes) are unsaturated hydrocarbons Alkenes have one or more double bonds The two bonds in a double bond are different: - one bond is a sigma () bond; these are cylindrical in shape and are very strong - the other is a pi (π) bond; these involve sideways overlap of
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Radical Chlorination The primary purpose of this experiment was to carry out the chlorination of 1-chlorobutane so that dichlorobutane formation was favored. Gas Chromatography was used to analyze the amount of dichlorobutane isomer produced in the free radical reaction. A mixture of 8mg of catalyst‚ 1mL of 1-chlorobutane‚ and 0.32mL of sulfuryl chloride was added to a microscale reflux apparatus. After 17mins the reaction was complete‚ and 1mL of deionized water was added
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electrophile to react with methyl benzoate‚ which stopped the reaction. 4. According to your TLC plate‚ how many products did your reaction produce and which isomers are produced? My reaction produced two products. The isomers produced were ortho and meta. Both spots that appeared on the plate were similar in size‚ showing that the ortho and meta isomers were produced in somewhat equal amounts. Conclusions: In this experiment‚ I started by adding 560 µL of sulfuric acid to a 5mL conical vial that contained
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search for the parent chain‚ the longest carbon chain that contains the double bond. You search for the parent chain‚ which contains the triple bond. Its carbons are united forming a closed figure. Isomers Structural Isomers Stereo isomers (geometric isomers) Structural Isomers ---- 2. 3. Alkane: ETHANE Ethane is a chemical compound with chemical formula C2H6. At standard temperature and pressure‚ ethane is a colorless‚ odorless gas. Ethane is
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|Chapter 5: | |Structure and Preparation of Alkenes. | |Elimination Reactions | Summary Alkenes contain the C=C functional group which can be prepared by 1‚2-elimination reactions such as: • dehydration of alcohols (- H2O) or • dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides (- HX). Zaitsev’s rule indicates that the preferred product is the more highly substituted
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both) Stereoisomers have the same molecular and structural formulas but different orientations of atoms in space. Constitutional isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula and different connectivity. Isomers have same molecular formula and have different structural formula. Cis isomer has two similar groups on same side of double bond. Trans isomer has similar groups on opposite sides of the double bond. Expanded structural formula is a 2-D structural representation that depicts
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from the molecule are bound with at least two other carbon atoms. Such an isomerism of chain is possible starting with butane. The number of isomers of saturated acyclic hydrocarbons is very big; he grows with each number of carbon atoms from the molecule. For example‚ the carbide C10H22 has 75 isomers; the hydrocarbon C20H42 can have approximately 366.319 isomers. Nomenclature The first four alkanes with a unbranched chain‚ meaning normal (n-alkanes) are called: methane‚ ethane‚ propane‚ butane. The
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Experiment No. 1: MELTING POINT AND BOILING POINTS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ABSTRACT The properties of organic compounds depend on their chemical structures. Intermolecular forces of attraction affect physical properties such as melting and boiling point. Through the Thomas Hoover apparatus‚ the melting point of 8 test compounds was determined. Salicylic acid exhibited the highest melting point while naphthalene‚ the lowest. The stronger the intermolecular forces of attraction‚ the higher the melting
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Ronak Parikh U30682934 Experiment 2: Diels-Alder Reaction: Synthesis of cis-Norbornene-5‚6-endo-dicaroboxylic anhydride Introduction: The main goal of this experiment is to perform a Diels-Alder reaction between 2‚3-dimethyl-1‚3-butadiene and maleic anhydride‚ identify the product and hydrolyze to form the dicarboxylic acid. Diels alder reactions are classified as pericyclic reaction‚ which is a reaction which involves a cyclic rearrangement of bonding electrons‚ which means
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