Earthquake Loads & Earthquake Resistant Design of Buildings 1. 1 2. Summary 2 3. Earthquake Design - A Conceptual Review 2 4. Earthquake Resisting Performance Expectations 3 5. Key Material Parameters for Effective Earthquake Resistant Design 3 6. Earthquake Design Level Ground Motion 4 6.1. Elastic Response Spectra 4 6.2. Relative Seismicity 5 6.3. Soil amplification 6 7. Derivation of Ductile Design Response Spectra 7 8. Analysis and Earthquake Resistant Design Principles 8 8.1. The Basic Principles
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tsunami/earthquake and the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Disaster 1 – Japanese Tsunami and Earthquake On Friday the 11th of March 2011‚ a magnitude 9.0 Earthquake struck coastal waters‚ along a subduction zone‚ surrounding Japanese islands. At the time of the Earthquake‚ no one expected what was about to occur‚ one of the most devastating tsunamis to have ever hit Japan. Earthquakes are caused by forces deep within the Earth when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another.
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Introductions and Conclusions Introductions and conclusions play a special role in the academic essay‚ and they frequently demand much of your attention as a writer. A good introduction should identify your topic‚ provide essential context‚ and indicate your particular focus in the essay. It also needs to engage your readers’ interest. A strong conclusion will provide a sense of closure to the essay while again placing your concepts in a somewhat wider context. It will also‚ in some instances
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measure of the magnitude of seismic waves from an earthquake. Devised in 1935 by the American seismologist Charles F. Richter (1900–1985) and technically known as the local magnitude scale‚ it has been superseded by the moment magnitude scale‚ which was developed in the 1970s. The Richter scale is logarithmic; that is‚ the amplitude of the waves increases by powers of 10 in relation to the Richter magnitude numbers. The energy released in an earthquake can easily be approximated by an equation that
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Earthquakes in Australia Australia is a very lucky country that suffers very few earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. Earthquakes are caused by converging plates (usually subducting)‚ and there a 4 different types of waves in two categories; firstly there is Body waves which are broken into primary and secondary waves (these travel through the earth) Surface waves travel through only the crust and are called Love and Rayleigh. These Waves (the earthquakes) are measured by a seismograph/ a device that
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Tsunami and Earthquake Sion Hau 7D 31/07/11 An earthquake occurred in Sendai‚ Japan on the 11th of March in 2011; this earthquake also resulted in a tsunami. The earthquake measured at magnitude 8.9-9.0 on the Richter scale‚ the scale is measured in powers of ten (e.g. magnitude 2.0 is ten times more than magnitude 1.0). Japan sits on the Ring of Fire (an area encircling Pacific Ocean that has high volcanic and earthquake activity)
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March 27‚ 1964 a magnitude 9.2 earthquake hit Alaska its epicenter located in Prince William Sound‚ 75 miles east of Anchorage. This earthquake was and still is the second larges earthquake ever recorded (Christensen). The plates involved In this major earthquake were the Pacific plate and North American plate. This subduction zone is know as Aleutian-Alaska megathrust zone (Sokolowski). This region was known for its active plate tectonics‚ but this earthquake did come as a surprise to the public
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Mikela Sammy U62 Caribbean Studies QUESTION: Access the measures that Caribbean countries could realistically undertake to minimize the danger posed by earthquakes. An earthquake is a sudden and violent shaking of the ground‚ sometimes causing great destruction‚ as a result of movements within the earth’s crust or volcanic action. This happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another. The Earth’s crust is made up of about a dozen plates on which the continents and oceans
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Comparing Kobe and Sichuan Earthquake- “The wealth of a country influences the nature of the earthquake event experienced there”. With reference to the Kobe earthquake (1995) and Sichuan earthquake (2008)‚ decide whether this statement is true or not. This statement can be true in a number of ways‚ because an MEDCs have generally better infrastructures made for withstanding huge earthquakes unlike LEDCs where houses (especially squatter settlements) are damaged very easily and this makes the
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Haiti Earthquake Notes Geography A2 Waller Hazards 2012-2013 GRW Tiarè Cole Where was it? * Port-au-Prince has a population of around 2million people Western Haiti‚ Caribbean Sea * The epicentre occurred around Port-au-Prince and as a result the majority of damage: Why did it happen? * Haiti has two fault lines running through it: * Professor Paul Mann was one of the first people to write about and predict the Earthquake * Much of the improper buildings in Haiti were as
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